人的記憶力會(huì)隨著歲月的流逝而衰退，寫作可以彌補(bǔ)記憶的不足，將曾經(jīng)的人生經(jīng)歷和感悟記錄下來，也便于保存一份美好的回憶。范文書寫有哪些要求呢？我們?cè)鯓硬拍軐懞靡黄段哪?？下面我給大家整理了一些優(yōu)秀范文，希望能夠幫助到大家，我們一起來看一看吧。
ga拼音的所有漢字四 ga拼音的所有漢字組詞篇一
玍5畫 gǎ ?方言，（脾氣）怪僻。方言，調(diào)皮。
尕5畫 gǎ ?方言，小：～娃（含親愛之意）。～李。
軋5畫 gá,yà,zhá
旮6畫 gā ?〔～旯〕a．角落，如“墻～～”、“門～～”；b．喻偏僻的地方，如“山～～”、“背（bèi）～～”。
釓6畫 gá ?一種金屬元素，稀土金屬。它的氟化物和硫化物都帶淡紅色。用于微波技術(shù)、彩色電視機(jī)的熒光粉、原子能工業(yè)及配制特種合金。
夾6畫 gā,jiá,jiā ?1. 夾 [jiā]從兩旁鉗住：使勁兒～住。兩旁有物限制住，在兩者之間：兩山～一水?！?。攙雜：～生飯?！s。夾東西的器具：竹～子。～剪。卷（juǎn ）～。
2.夾 [jiá]兩層的衣服：～衣?！弧９磐句e】字： 冶鑄用的鉗：火～。鐵～子。劍。劍柄。 劍把子。
3. [gā]〔～肢窩〕腋下。（夾）
4.夾 [xiá]古同【狹】字： 窄，不寬闊，與“廣”相對(duì)：～窄?！L?！?。偏～?！埃ㄖ感〗智镦郊司幼〉腵地方。亦作“狹斜”）。 狹窄。
伽7畫 gā,jiā,qié ?1.伽 [qié]〔～南香〕沉香?！病{(lán)〕梵語“僧伽藍(lán)摩”的簡稱，指僧眾所住的園林，后指佛寺。
2.伽 [jiā]〔～倻〕朝鮮樂器名，有些像中國的箏。
3.伽 [gā]〔～馬射線〕即“丙種射線”，鐳和其他一些放射性元素的原子放出的射線，應(yīng)用于工業(yè)和醫(yī)學(xué)等領(lǐng)域。
尬7畫 gà ?〔尷～〕同【尷】字： 〔～尬〕a.處境窘困，不易處理。b.神色、態(tài)度不正常。（尷）
呷8畫 gā,xiā
咖8畫 gā,kā ?1. 咖 [kā]2. 咖 [gā]咖 [kā]〔～啡〕常綠灌木或小喬木，產(chǎn)在熱帶，葉長卵形，花白色，果實(shí)紅色，種子可制飲料?？?[gā]〔～喱〕用胡椒、姜黃、香椒等的粉末做成的調(diào)味品。
尜9畫 gá ?〔～～〕a.一種兒童玩具，兩頭尖中間大。亦稱“～兒”；b.像尜尜的，如“～～棗”、“～～湯”（用玉米面等做的食品）（后一個(gè)“尜”均讀輕聲）。
釓9畫 gá ?同【釓】字： 一種金屬元素，稀土金屬。它的氟化物和硫化物都帶淡紅色。用于微波技術(shù)、彩色電視機(jī)的熒光粉、原子能工業(yè)及配制特種合金。
躮11畫 sǎi gā lāi rē
魀13畫 gà ?古同【尬】字： 〔尷～〕同【尷】字： 〔～尬〕a.處境窘困，不易處理。b.神色、態(tài)度不正常。（尷）
銯14畫 kǎ sī gā yī
嘎14畫 gǎ,gā
噶15畫 gá 〔～倫〕中國原西藏地方政府的主要官員。〔～廈〕藏語“發(fā)布命令的機(jī)關(guān)”，即中國原西藏地方政府，由噶倫四人組成，一九五九年后解散。譯音字。
嘠15畫 gā 1. 嘠 [gā]古同【嘎】字，象聲詞，形容鴨子，大雁等的叫聲。象聲詞，形容短促而響亮的聲音：汽車～的一聲剎住了。
2.嘎 [gá]同【尜】字： 〔～～〕a.一種兒童玩具，兩頭尖中間大。亦稱“～兒”；b.像尜尜的，如“～～棗”、“～～湯”（用玉米面等做的食品）（后一個(gè)“尜”均讀輕聲）
3. 嘎 [gǎ]乖僻，脾氣不好。調(diào)（tiáo ）皮。
錷16畫 gá ?化學(xué)元素“釓”的舊譯。
ga拼音的所有漢字四 ga拼音的所有漢字組詞篇二
de拼音的所有漢字
dì,de
1. 地 [dì]2. 地 [de]地 [dì]人類生長活動(dòng)的所在：～球（太陽系九大行星之一）?！恼f。地球或地球的某部分：～質(zhì)?！珰ぁ５厍虮砻娉ズＱ?、江河、湖泊的部分：陸～。～下。地球表面的土壤：土～。田～。～政?！鳌５厍蛏系囊粋€(gè)區(qū)域：～區(qū)。此～。建筑材料鋪成的平面：～板?！骸Ｋ诳臻g或區(qū)域的部位：～點(diǎn)。目的～。人在社會(huì)關(guān)系中所處的位置：易～以處。表示思想或行動(dòng)的某種活動(dòng)領(lǐng)域：見～。境～。心～。底子：質(zhì)～。地 [de]結(jié)構(gòu)助詞，用在詞或詞組之后表示修飾后面的謂語：慢慢～走。
旳dì,dí,de
1. 旳 [dì]2. 旳 [dí]旳 [dì]古同【的】字： 1. 的 [dí]2. 的 [dì]3. 的 [de]的 [dí]真實(shí)，實(shí)在：～確?！?dāng)（dàng ）?！椤！?。～證。的 [dì]箭靶的中心：中（zhòng ）～。有～放矢。眾矢之～。目～（要達(dá)到的目標(biāo)、境地）。的 [de]用在詞或詞組后表明形容詞性：美麗～。代替所指的人或物：唱歌～。表示所屬的關(guān)系的詞：他～衣服。助詞，用在句末，表示肯定的語氣，常與“是”相應(yīng)：這句話是很對(duì)～。副詞尾，同“地2”。 旳 [dí]
的dí,dì,de
1. 的 [dí]2. 的 [dì]3. 的 [de]的 [dí]真實(shí)，實(shí)在：～確?！?dāng)（dàng ）?！?。～真。～證。的 [dì]箭靶的中心：中（zhòng ）～。有～放矢。眾矢之～。目～（要達(dá)到的目標(biāo)、境地）。的 [de]用在詞或詞組后表明形容詞性：美麗～。代替所指的人或物：唱歌～。表示所屬的關(guān)系的詞：他～衣服。助詞，用在句末，表示肯定的語氣，常與“是”相應(yīng)：這句話是很對(duì)～。副詞尾，同【地】字： 1. 地 [dì]2. 地 [de]地 [dì]人類生長活動(dòng)的所在：～球（太陽系九大行星之一）?！恼f。地球或地球的某部分：～質(zhì)?！珰ぁ５厍虮砻娉ズＱ?、江河、湖泊的部分：陸～?！?。地球表面的土壤：土～。田～?！?。～主。地球上的一個(gè)區(qū)域：～區(qū)。此～。建筑材料鋪成的平面：～板?！?。所在空間或區(qū)域的部位：～點(diǎn)。目的～。人在社會(huì)關(guān)系中所處的位置：易～以處。表示思想或行動(dòng)的某種活動(dòng)領(lǐng)域：見～。境～。心～。底子：質(zhì)～。地 [de]結(jié)構(gòu)助詞，用在詞或詞組之后表示修飾后面的謂語：慢慢～走。 ”。
底dǐ,de
1. 底 [dǐ]2. 底 [de]底 [dǐ]最下面的部分：～層?！！拢╝．下面；b．以后）。海～?！?。末了：年～。月～。到～。根基，基礎(chǔ)，留作根據(jù)：刨根問～?！N(yùn)?！??！妗D案的基層：白～藍(lán)花的瓶子。何，什么：～事傷感。古同【抵】字： 擋，拒，用力對(duì)撐著：～擋?！啤！??！嚒ｍ斪?，沖突，矛盾：～觸。代替，相當(dāng)，頂替：～押。～償?！?。～還（huán ）。到達(dá)：～京?！R。 達(dá)到。底 [de]同【的】字： 1. 的 [dí]2. 的 [dì]3. 的 [de]的 [dí]真實(shí)，實(shí)在：～確。～當(dāng)（dàng ）?！?。～真。～證。的 [dì]箭靶的中心：中（zhòng ）～。有～放矢。眾矢之～。目～（要達(dá)到的目標(biāo)、境地）。的 [de]用在詞或詞組后表明形容詞性：美麗～。代替所指的人或物：唱歌～。表示所屬的關(guān)系的詞：他～衣服。助詞，用在句末，表示肯定的語氣，常與“是”相應(yīng)：這句話是很對(duì)～。副詞尾，同【地】字： 1. 地 [dì]2. 地 [de]地 [dì]人類生長活動(dòng)的所在：～球（太陽系九大行星之一）?！恼f。地球或地球的某部分：～質(zhì)?！珰?。地球表面除去海洋、江河、湖泊的部分：陸～?！隆５厍虮砻娴耐寥溃和痢?。田～?！??！?。地球上的一個(gè)區(qū)域：～區(qū)。此～。建筑材料鋪成的平面：～板?！骸Ｋ诳臻g或區(qū)域的部位：～點(diǎn)。目的～。人在社會(huì)關(guān)系中所處的位置：易～以處。表示思想或行動(dòng)的某種活動(dòng)領(lǐng)域：見～。境～。心～。底子：質(zhì)～。地 [de]結(jié)構(gòu)助詞，用在詞或詞組之后表示修飾后面的謂語：慢慢～走。 ”。
恴dé
古同【德】字： 人們共同生活及行為的準(zhǔn)則和規(guī)范，品行，品質(zhì)：美～。品～。公～?！小５馈??！??！ㄒ砸欢ǖ纳鐣?huì)要求，進(jìn)行思想的、政治的和道德的教育）?！偶?zhèn)洹６取苛?。～高望重。心意，信念：一心一～。恩惠：～施?！珴桑ǖ禄投骰荩！荨８卸鞔鳌?。姓?/p>
蚮dài,dé
1. 蚮 [dài]2. 蚮 [dé]蚮 [dài]蚱蜢。蚮 [dé]蛇蝎毒。
得dé,děi,de
1. 得 [dé]2. 得 [děi]3. 得 [de]得 [dé]獲取，接受：～到?！??！妗！眨╧òng）?！恪！Α！珴?jì)。心～。適合：～勁?！?dāng)（dàng ）?！ā！w。滿意：～意。揚(yáng)揚(yáng)自～。完成，實(shí)現(xiàn)：飯～了?！选！荆ǘ嘀笣M足名利的欲望）。可以，許可：不～隨地吐痰?？谡Z詞（a.表禁止，如“～了，別說了”；b.表同意，如“～，就這么辦”）。得 [děi]必須，須要：可～注意。極舒服，極適意：這時(shí)要能洗上涼水澡，就～了。得 [de]用在動(dòng)詞后表可能：要不～。拿～起來。用在動(dòng)詞或形容詞后的連接補(bǔ)語，表示效果或程度：跑～快。香～很。
淂dé
水名。古同【得】字： 1. 得 [dé]2. 得 [děi]3. 得 [de]得 [dé]獲取，接受：～到?！А！?。～空（kòng）?！?。～力。～濟(jì)。心～。適合：～勁。～當(dāng)（dàng ）。～法?！w。滿意：～意。揚(yáng)揚(yáng)自～。完成，實(shí)現(xiàn)：飯～了?！选！荆ǘ嘀笣M足名利的欲望）?？梢?，許可：不～隨地吐痰?？谡Z詞（a.表禁止，如“～了，別說了”；b.表同意，如“～，就這么辦”）。得 [děi]必須，須要：可～注意。極舒服，極適意：這時(shí)要能洗上涼水澡，就～了。得 [de]用在動(dòng)詞后表可能：要不～。拿～起來。用在動(dòng)詞或形容詞后的連接補(bǔ)語，表示效果或程度：跑～快。香～很。
de
● 拼音zhi2,de2㈠音直。專。 ㈡同【德】字： 人們共同生活及行為的準(zhǔn)則和規(guī)范，品行，品質(zhì)：美～。品～。公～?！小５馈?。～性。～育（以一定的社會(huì)要求，進(jìn)行思想的、政治的和道德的教育）。～才兼?zhèn)?。度～量力?！咄亍Ｐ囊?，信念：一心一～。恩惠：～施。～澤（德化和恩惠）。～惠。感恩戴～。姓?/p>
悳dé
同【德】字： 人們共同生活及行為的準(zhǔn)則和規(guī)范，品行，品質(zhì)：美～。品～。公～?！小５馈?。～性。～育（以一定的社會(huì)要求，進(jìn)行思想的、政治的和道德的教育）。～才兼?zhèn)?。度～量力?！咄亍Ｐ囊?，信念：一心一～。恩惠：～施。～澤（德化和恩惠）?！?。感恩戴～。姓?/p>
惪dé
同【德】字： 人們共同生活及行為的準(zhǔn)則和規(guī)范，品行，品質(zhì)：美～。品～。公～?！小５馈??！?。～育（以一定的社會(huì)要求，進(jìn)行思想的、政治的和道德的教育）。～才兼?zhèn)?。度～量力?！咄亍Ｐ囊?，信念：一心一～。恩惠：～施。～澤（德化和恩惠）。～惠。感恩戴～。姓?/p>
棏dé,zhé
1. 棏 [dé]2. 棏 [zhé]棏 [dé]古書上說的一種樹。棏 [zhé]蠶箔閣架上的橫木。
de
● 同【德】字： 人們共同生活及行為的準(zhǔn)則和規(guī)范，品行，品質(zhì)：美～。品～。公～?！小５馈?。～性。～育（以一定的社會(huì)要求，進(jìn)行思想的、政治的和道德的教育）?！偶?zhèn)?。度～量力?！咄亍Ｐ囊?，信念：一心一～。恩惠：～施?！珴桑ǖ禄投骰荩！?。感恩戴～。姓?/p>
锝dé
一種放射性元素，第一種人工制成的元素，是良好的超導(dǎo)體。
嘚dē,dēi
1. 嘚 [dē]2. 嘚 [dēi]嘚 [dē]象聲詞，形容馬蹄踏地的聲音。嘚 [dēi]〔～兒（dēir）〕趕驢、騾前進(jìn)的吆喝聲。
徳dé
古同【德】字： 人們共同生活及行為的準(zhǔn)則和規(guī)范，品行，品質(zhì)：美～。品～。公～。～行。道～?！浴！ㄒ砸欢ǖ纳鐣?huì)要求，進(jìn)行思想的、政治的和道德的教育）?！偶?zhèn)?。度～量力?！咄亍Ｐ囊?，信念：一心一～。恩惠：～施。～澤（德化和恩惠）。～惠。感恩戴～。姓?/p>
德dé
人們共同生活及行為的準(zhǔn)則和規(guī)范，品行，品質(zhì)：美～。品～。公～。～行。道～?！浴！ㄒ砸欢ǖ纳鐣?huì)要求，進(jìn)行思想的、政治的和道德的教育）?！偶?zhèn)洹６取苛?。～高望重。心意，信念：一心一～。恩惠：～施?！珴桑ǖ禄投骰荩??！荨８卸鞔鳌?。姓?/p>
鍀dé
同【锝】字： 一種放射性元素，第一種人工制成的元素，是良好的超導(dǎo)體。
ga拼音的所有漢字四 ga拼音的所有漢字組詞篇三
一、看拼音寫詞語
h?___苗tǔ___地zhōnɡ___間bù___好mù___光bái___色ěr___朵diàn___燈chánɡ___短chū___去yún___彩ɡōnɡ___雞ɡuǎnɡ___場
shēnɡ___旗pí___球zǒu___路bàn___空pínɡ___常zú___球lǐ___面zhanɡ___在yī___服mǎ___路yá___膏shēnɡ___氣máo___筆yánɡ___群雨tiān___語w?n___進(jìn)rù___看jiàn___高shān___騎chē___多shǎo___蘿bo___河shuǐ___尾bā___作ya___一piàn___花shēnɡ___金yú___yígèèrrénsānyuèshítiānmùtóuhémiáo
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二、讀拼音，寫筆畫或偏旁。
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一年語文拼音漢字篇二：小學(xué)漢語拼音字母表26個(gè)漢語拼音字母表
字母表
aoeiuübpmfdtnlgkhjqxzhchshrzcsyw
一、聲母表
b
ㄅ玻
p
ㄆ坡
m
ㄇ摸
f
ㄈ佛
d
ㄉ得
t
ㄊ特
n
ㄋ訥
l
ㄌ勒
ɡ
ㄍ哥
k
ㄎ科
h
ㄏ喝
j
ㄐ基
q
ㄑ欺
x
ㄒ希
zh
ㄓ知
ch
ㄔ蚩
sh
ㄕ詩
r
ㄖ日
z
ㄗ資
c
ㄘ雌
s
ㄙ思
b[玻]p[坡]m[摸]f[佛]d[得]t[特]n[訥]l[勒]g[哥]k[科]h[喝]j[基]q[欺]x[希]z[資]c[雌]s[思]r[日]zh[知]ch[嗤]sh詩]y[醫(yī)]w[巫]
二、韻母表（包括單韻母和復(fù)韻母）單韻母表：aoeiuü
復(fù)韻母：aieiuiaoouiuieüeeraneninunvn
angengingong
a[阿]an[安]ao[奧]ai[哀]ang[昂]o[喔]ong[翁]ou[歐]
e[鵝]en[恩]er[兒]ei[唉]eng[摁]
i[衣]ia[呀]iu[由]ie[耶]in[因]ing[英]u[烏]un[溫]ua[蛙]uo[窩]ue[月]ui[威]ü[迂]iao[腰]ian[煙]iang[央]iong[用]uai[外]uan[彎]uang[往]
三、整體認(rèn)讀音節(jié)zhichishirizicisiyiwuyuyeyueyinyunyuanying
注意事項(xiàng)：(1)“知、蚩、詩、日、資、雌、思”等字的韻母用i。(2)韻母ㄦ寫成er，用做韻尾的時(shí)候?qū)懗蓃。(3)韻母ㄝ單用的時(shí)候?qū)懗扫骸?/p>
(4)i行的韻母，前面沒有聲母的時(shí)候，寫成yi（衣），yɑ（呀），ye（耶），yɑo（腰），you（憂），yɑn（煙），yin（因），yɑnɡ（央），yinɡ（英），yonɡ（雍）。u行的韻母，前面沒有聲母的時(shí)候，寫成wu（烏），wɑ（蛙），wo（窩），wɑi（歪），wei（威），wɑn（彎），wen（溫），wɑnɡ（汪），wenɡ（翁）ü行的韻母跟聲母j,q,x拼的時(shí)候，寫成ju（居），qu（區(qū)），xu（虛），ü上兩點(diǎn)也省略；但是跟聲母l,n拼的時(shí)候，仍然寫成lü（呂），nü（女）。(5)iou,uei,uen前面加聲母的時(shí)候，寫成iu,ui,un，例如niu（牛），ɡui（歸），lun（論）。
四、聲調(diào)符號(hào)
陰平－
陽平／
上聲∨
去聲﹨
聲調(diào)符號(hào)標(biāo)在音節(jié)的主要母音上。輕聲不標(biāo)。例如：
媽mā陰平
麻má陽平
馬mǎ上聲
罵mà去聲
嗎mɑ輕聲
五、隔音符號(hào)
ɑ，o，e開頭的音節(jié)連接在其它音節(jié)后面的時(shí)候，如果音節(jié)的界限發(fā)生混淆，用隔音符號(hào)()隔開，例如piɑo（皮襖）。
六、難點(diǎn)提示
1、在聽力題中往往會(huì)出現(xiàn)“zhzhi”等類的比較,要提醒孩子注意區(qū)分:在讀
聲母時(shí)要短促,讀音節(jié)要有動(dòng)程(長一些).
2、標(biāo)調(diào)是按照“aoeiuü”的順序,如“ao”應(yīng)把調(diào)標(biāo)在a上,“uo”的調(diào)在o上,唯有“i、u”在一起時(shí)情況例外:i、u在一起,標(biāo)調(diào)標(biāo)在后.即“iu、ui”的調(diào)都應(yīng)標(biāo)在后一個(gè)字母上.
3、以前常說“ü見jqx,脫帽行個(gè)禮.”其實(shí)y后的ü也要省去兩點(diǎn)的,雖說兩者性質(zhì)不同,但為了便于學(xué)生的記憶,可以把順口溜改為”ü見jqxy,脫帽行個(gè)禮.”
4、前鼻音的讀法:舌尖抵住上齒齦(其實(shí)只要在收尾時(shí),把舌尖碰上上齒就對(duì)了.)
5、后鼻音的讀法:抬起舌根(孩子初學(xué)時(shí),往往會(huì)發(fā)音過于靠后,時(shí)間長了自會(huì)改正.)
6、“bpdq”4個(gè)聲母極易混淆,這時(shí)別用什么“右下半圓bbb”之類的順口溜教孩子(雖說以前我也是這么教的),不少孩子左右還得分半天呢.可以用“正6b,正9q”的順口溜先分清“bq”,然后再教“bd肚子對(duì)肚子，pq腦袋對(duì)腦袋?！被蛘哂檬謩?shì):大拇指向上,左手b來右手d大拇指向下,左手p來右手q
7.o的發(fā)音南北始終有爭議，但標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的讀音肯定是“哦”（一聲）。
七、漢語拼音音節(jié)表
bbabobaibeibaobanbenbangbengbibiebiaobianbinbingppapopaipaopoupanpenpangpengpipiepiaopianpinpingmmamomemaimaomoumanmenmangmengmimiemiaomiumianminmingffafofeifoufanfenfangfeng
ddadedaideidaodoudandangdengdidiediaodiudiandingdongttatetaitaotoutantangtengtitietiaotiantingtong
nnanaineinaononennangnengninieniaoniunianninniangningnong
llalelaileilaoloulanlanglenglilialieliaoliulianlinlianglinglong
ggagegaigeigaogougangenganggenggong
kkakekaikoukankenkangkengkonghhahehaiheihaohouhenhanghenghongjjijiajiejiaojiujianjinjiangjingjiongqqiqiaqieqiaoqiuqianqinqiangqingqiongxxixiaxiexiaoxiuxianxinxiangxingxiong
zhzhazhezhizhaizhaozhouzhanzhenzhangzhengzhongchchachechichaichaochouchanchenchangchengchongshshasheshishaishaoshoushanshenshangshengrreriraorouranrenrangrengrongzzazezizaizaozouzangzengzongccacecicaicaocoucancencangcengcongssasesisaisaosousansensangsengsong
yyayaoyouyanyangyuyeyueyuanyiyinyunyingyongwwawowaiweiwanwenwangwengwuwong
八、漢語拼音字母與國際音標(biāo)對(duì)照表
聲調(diào)：一聲陰平（55）、二聲陽平（35）、三聲上聲（214）、四聲去聲（51）。聲母表：
單韻母表（以下韻母為單用或只跟在輔音后）
復(fù)韻母表：
注意事項(xiàng)：
①漢語拼音有一些縮寫形式，在轉(zhuǎn)換時(shí)應(yīng)特別引起注意，應(yīng)恢復(fù)成完整形式。如：ui是uei的縮寫，un是uen的縮寫，ü在j、q、x和y后寫作u。②兒化標(biāo)記：?寫在音節(jié)末尾，調(diào)值之前。
③元音嚴(yán)式音標(biāo)記憶方法（只換其中對(duì)應(yīng)的拼音字母）。
a的同一音位有5種：用[a]：ai、an、ia；用[?]：跟在輔音后或者單獨(dú)使用；用[ɑ]：ang、iang、uang、ao、iao、ua；用[?]：ian及及yan；用[?]：兒化；o的特殊標(biāo)法：[u?]：ong；[y?]：iong；
e的同一音位有4種：用[?]：跟在輔音后或者單獨(dú)使用；用[e]：ei、ui；用[?]：ie、üe；
用[?]：en、eng、un、ueng、er；
i的同一音位有3種：用[?]：跟在z、c、s后；用[?]：跟在zh、ch、sh、ri后；用[i]：跟在其它輔音后。
ga拼音的所有漢字四 ga拼音的所有漢字組詞篇四
漢字可以轉(zhuǎn)成拼音，可以在轉(zhuǎn)成ascii碼，然后就可以轉(zhuǎn)成十六進(jìn)制數(shù)，再就可以轉(zhuǎn)成0和1組成的二進(jìn)制幀了！
比如說：
我愛你
->wo ai ni
->119 111 32 97 105 32 110 105
->77 6f 20 61 69 20 6e 69
->0111 0111 0110 1111 0010 0000 0110 0001 0110 1001 0010 0000 0110 1110 0110 1001
看上去很吊的樣子，估計(jì)發(fā)報(bào)就是這么干的！
package ;import ils;import ;import or;import ist;import p;import ;/** * an object to convert chinese character to its corresponding pinyin string. for characters with * multiple possible pinyin string, only one is selected according to collator. polyphone is not * supported in this implementation. this class is implemented to achieve the best runtime * performance and minimum runtime resources with tolerable sacrifice of accuracy. this * implementation highly depends on zh_cn icu collation data and must be always synchronized with * icu. * * currently this file is aligned to in icu 4.6 */public class hanzitopinyin { private static final string tag = ”hanzitopinyin“; // turn on this flag when we want to check internal data structure. private static final boolean debug = false; /** * unihans array. each unihans is the first one within same pinyin. use it to determine pinyin * for all ~20k unihans. */ public static final char[] unihans = {\u5475, \u54ce, \u5b89, \u80ae, \u51f9,\u516b, \u6300, \u6273, \u90a6, \u5305, \u5351, \u5954, \u4f3b,\u5c44, \u8fb9, \u6807, \u618b, \u90a0, \u69df, \u7676, \u5cec,\u5693, \u5a47, \u98e1, \u4ed3, \u64cd, \u518a, \u5d7e, \u564c,\u53c9, \u9497, \u8fbf, \u4f25, \u6284, \u8f66, \u62bb, \u67fd,\u5403, \u5145, \u62bd, \u51fa, \u6b3b, \u63e3, \u5ddd, \u75ae,\u5439, \u6776, \u9034, \u75b5, \u5306, \u51d1, \u7c97, \u6c46,\u5d14, \u90a8, \u6413, \u5491, \u5927, \u75b8, \u5f53, \u5200,\u6dc2, \u5f97, \u6265, \u706f, \u6c10, \u55f2, \u7538, \u5201,\u7239, \u4ec3, \u4e1f, \u4e1c, \u5517, \u561f, \u5073, \u5806,\u9413, \u591a, \u5a40, \u8bf6, \u5940, \u97a5, \u800c, \u53d1,\u5e06, \u65b9, \u98de, \u5206, \u4e30, \u8985, \u4ecf, \u7d11,\u4f15, \u65ee, \u8be5, \u7518, \u5188, \u768b, \u6208, \u7d66,\u6839, \u5e9a, \u5de5, \u52fe, \u4f30, \u74dc, \u7f6b, \u5173,\u5149, \u5f52, \u886e, \u5459, \u54c8, \u54b3, \u9878, \u82c0,\u84bf, \u8bc3, \u9ed2, \u62eb, \u4ea8, \u5677, \u543d, \u9f41,\u5322, \u82b1, \u6000, \u72bf, \u5ddf, \u7070, \u660f, \u5419,\u4e0c, \u52a0, \u620b, \u6c5f, \u827d, \u9636, \u5dfe, \u52a4,\u5182, \u52fc, \u530a, \u5a1f, \u5658, \u519b, \u5494, \u5f00,\u520a, \u95f6, \u5c3b, \u533c, \u524b, \u80af, \u962c, \u7a7a,\u62a0, \u5233, \u5938, \u84af, \u5bbd, \u5321, \u4e8f, \u5764,\u6269, \u5783, \u6765, \u5170, \u5577, \u635e, \u4ec2, \u52d2,\u5844, \u5215, \u5006, \u5941, \u826f, \u64a9, \u5217, \u62ce,\u3007, \u6e9c, \u9f99, \u779c, \u565c, \u5a08, \u7567, \u62a1,\u7f57, \u5463, \u5988, \u973e, \u5ada, \u9099, \u732b, \u9ebc,\u6c92, \u95e8, \u753f, \u54aa, \u7720, \u55b5, \u54a9, \u6c11,\u540d, \u8c2c, \u6478, \u54de, \u6bea, \u62cf, \u5b7b, \u56e1,\u56ca, \u5b6c, \u8bb7, \u9981, \u6041, \u80fd, \u59ae, \u62c8,\u5b22, \u9e1f, \u634f, \u60a8, \u5b81, \u599e, \u519c, \u7fba,\u5974, \u597b, \u8650, \u632a, \u5594, \u8bb4, \u8db4, \u62cd,\u7705, \u4e53, \u629b, \u5478, \u55b7, \u5309, \u4e15, \u504f,\u527d, \u6c15, \u59d8, \u4e52, \u948b, \u5256, \u4ec6, \u4e03,\u6390, \u5343, \u545b, \u6084, \u767f, \u4fb5, \u9751, \u909b,\u4e18, \u66f2, \u5f2e, \u7f3a, \u590b, \u5465, \u7a63, \u5a06,\u60f9, \u4eba, \u6254, \u65e5, \u8338, \u53b9, \u5982, \u5827,\u6875, \u95f0, \u82e5, \u4ee8, \u6be2, \u4e09, \u6852, \u63bb,\u8272, \u68ee, \u50e7, \u6740, \u7b5b, \u5c71, \u4f24, \u5f30,\u5962, \u7533, \u5347, \u5c38, \u53ce, \u4e66, \u5237, \u6454,\u95e9, \u53cc, \u8c01, \u542e, \u5981, \u53b6, \u5fea, \u635c,\u82cf, \u72fb, \u590a, \u5b59, \u5506, \u4ed6, \u82d4, \u574d,\u94f4, \u5932, \u5fd1, \u71a5, \u5254, \u5929, \u4f7b, \u5e16,\u5385, \u56f2, \u5077, \u92c0, \u6e4d, \u63a8, \u541e, \u6258,\u6316, \u6b6a, \u5f2f, \u5c2a, \u5371, \u586d, \u7fc1, \u631d,\u5140, \u5915, \u867e, \u4eda, \u4e61, \u7071, \u4e9b, \u5fc3,\u661f, \u51f6, \u4f11, \u65f4, \u8f69, \u75b6, \u52cb, \u4e2b,\u6079, \u592e, \u5e7a, \u8036, \u4e00, \u6b2d, \u5e94, \u54df,\u4f63, \u4f18, \u625c, \u9e22, \u66f0, \u6655, \u531d, \u707d,\u7ccc, \u7242, \u50ae, \u5219, \u8d3c, \u600e, \u5897, \u5412,\u635a, \u6cbe, \u5f20, \u948a, \u8707, \u8d1e, \u4e89, \u4e4b,\u4e2d, \u5dde, \u6731, \u6293, \u8de9, \u4e13, \u5986, \u96b9,\u5b92, \u5353, \u5b5c, \u5b97, \u90b9, \u79df, \u94bb, \u539c,\u5c0a, \u6628, }; /** * pinyin array. each pinyin is corresponding to unihans of same offset in the unihans array. */ public static final byte[][] pinyins = {{ 65, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 }, { 65, 73, 0, 0, 0, 0 }, { 65, 78, 0, 0, 0, 0 },{ 65, 78, 71, 0, 0, 0 }, { 65, 79, 0, 0, 0, 0 }, { 66, 65, 0, 0, 0, 0 },{ 66, 65, 73, 0, 0, 0 }, { 66, 65, 78, 0, 0, 0 }, { 66, 65, 78, 71, 0, 0 },{ 66, 65, 79, 0, 0, 0 }, { 66, 69, 73, 0, 0, 0 }, { 66, 69, 78, 0, 0, 0 },{ 66, 69, 78, 71, 0, 0 }, { 66, 73, 0, 0, 0, 0 }, { 66, 73, 65, 78, 0, 0 },{ 66, 73, 65, 79, 0, 0 }, { 66, 73, 69, 0, 0, 0 }, { 66, 73, 78, 0, 0, 0 },{ 66, 73, 78, 71, 0, 0 }, { 66, 79, 0, 0, 0, 0 }, { 66, 85, 0, 0, 0, 0 },{ 67, 65, 0, 0, 0, 0 }, { 67, 65, 73, 0, 0, 0 },{ 67, 65, 78, 0, 0, 0 }, { 67, 65, 78, 71, 0, 0 }, { 67, 65, 79, 0, 0, 0 },{ 67, 69, 0, 0, 0, 0 }, { 67, 69, 78, 0, 0, 0 }, { 67, 69, 78, 71, 0, 0 },{ 67, 72, 65, 0, 0, 0 }, { 67, 72, 65, 73, 0, 0 }, { 67, 72, 65, 78, 0, 0 },{ 67, 72, 65, 78, 71, 0 }, { 67, 72, 65, 79, 0, 0 }, { 67, 72, 69, 0, 0, 0 },{ 67, 72, 69, 78, 0, 0 }, { 67, 72, 69, 78, 71, 0 }, { 67, 72, 73, 0, 0, 0 },{ 67, 72, 79, 78, 71, 0 }, { 67, 72, 79, 85, 0, 0 }, { 67, 72, 85, 0, 0, 0 },{ 67, 72, 85, 65, 0, 0 }, { 67, 72, 85, 65, 73, 0 }, { 67, 72, 85, 65, 78, 0 },{ 67, 72, 85, 65, 78, 71 }, { 67, 72, 85, 73, 0, 0 }, { 67, 72, 85, 78, 0, 0 },{ 67, 72, 85, 79, 0, 0 }, { 67, 73, 0, 0, 0, 0 }, { 67, 79, 78, 71, 0, 0 },{ 67, 79, 85, 0, 0, 0 }, { 67, 85, 0, 0, 0, 0 }, { 67, 85, 65, 78, 0, 0 },{ 67, 85, 73, 0, 0, 0 }, { 67, 85, 78, 0, 0, 0 }, { 67, 85, 79, 0, 0, 0 },{ 68, 65, 0, 0, 0, 0 }, { 68, 65, 73, 0, 0, 0 }, { 68, 65, 78, 0, 0, 0 },{ 68, 65, 78, 71, 0, 0 }, { 68, 65, 79, 0, 0, 0 }, { 68, 69, 0, 0, 0, 0 },{ 68, 69, 73, 0, 0, 0 }, { 68, 69, 78, 0, 0, 0 }, { 68, 69, 78, 71, 0, 0 },{ 68, 73, 0, 0, 0, 0 }, { 68, 73, 65, 0, 0, 0 }, { 68, 73, 65, 78, 0, 0 },{ 68, 73, 65, 79, 0, 0 }, { 68, 73, 69, 0, 0, 0 }, { 68, 73, 78, 71, 0, 0 },{ 68, 73, 85, 0, 0, 0 }, { 68, 79, 78, 71, 0, 0 }, { 68, 79, 85, 0, 0, 0 },{ 68, 85, 0, 0, 0, 0 }, { 68, 85, 65, 78, 0, 0 }, { 68, 85, 73, 0, 0, 0 },{ 68, 85, 78, 0, 0, 0 }, { 68, 85, 79, 0, 0, 0 }, { 69, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 },{ 69, 73, 0, 0, 0, 0 }, { 69, 78, 0, 0, 0, 0 }, { 69, 78, 71, 0, 0, 0 },{ 69, 82, 0, 0, 0, 0 }, { 70, 65, 0, 0, 0, 0 }, { 70, 65, 78, 0, 0, 0 },{ 70, 65, 78, 71, 0, 0 }, { 70, 69, 73, 0, 0, 0 }, { 70, 69, 78, 0, 0, 0 },{ 70, 69, 78, 71, 0, 0 }, { 70, 73, 65, 79, 0, 0 }, { 70, 79, 0, 0, 0, 0 },{ 70, 79, 85, 0, 0, 0 }, { 70, 85, 0, 0, 0, 0 }, { 71, 65, 0, 0, 0, 0 },{ 71, 65, 73, 0, 0, 0 }, { 71, 65, 78, 0, 0, 0 }, { 71, 65, 78, 71, 0, 0 },{ 71, 65, 79, 0, 0, 0 }, { 71, 69, 0, 0, 0, 0 }, { 71, 69, 73, 0, 0, 0 },{ 71, 69, 78, 0, 0, 0 }, { 71, 69, 78, 71, 0, 0 }, { 71, 79, 78, 71, 0, 0 },{ 71, 79, 85, 0, 0, 0 }, { 71, 85, 0, 0, 0, 0 }, { 71, 85, 65, 0, 0, 0 },{ 71, 85, 65, 73, 0, 0 }, { 71, 85, 65, 78, 0, 0 }, { 71, 85, 65, 78, 71, 0 },{ 71, 85, 73, 0, 0, 0 }, { 71, 85, 78, 0, 0, 0 }, { 71, 85, 79, 0, 0, 0 },{ 72, 65, 0, 0, 0, 0 }, { 72, 65, 73, 0, 0, 0 }, { 72, 65, 78, 0, 0, 0 },{ 72, 65, 78, 71, 0, 0 }, { 72, 65, 79, 0, 0, 0 }, { 72, 69, 0, 0, 0, 0 },{ 72, 69, 73, 0, 0, 0 }, { 72, 69, 78, 0, 0, 0 }, { 72, 79, 85, 0, 0, 0 },{ 72, 77, 0, 0, 0, 0 }, { 72, 79, 78, 71, 0, 0 }, { 72, 79, 85, 0, 0, 0 },{ 72, 85, 0, 0, 0, 0 }, { 72, 85, 65, 0, 0, 0 }, { 72, 85, 65, 73, 0, 0 },{ 72, 85, 65, 78, 0, 0 }, { 72, 85, 65, 78, 71, 0 }, { 72, 85, 73, 0, 0, 0 },{ 72, 85, 78, 0, 0, 0 }, { 72, 85, 79, 0, 0, 0 }, { 74, 73, 0, 0, 0, 0 },{ 74, 73, 65, 0, 0, 0 }, { 74, 73, 65, 78, 0, 0 }, { 74, 73, 65, 78, 71, 0 },{ 74, 73, 65, 79, 0, 0 }, { 74, 73, 69, 0, 0, 0 }, { 74, 73, 78, 0, 0, 0 },{ 74, 73, 78, 71, 0, 0 }, { 74, 73, 79, 78, 71, 0 }, { 74, 73, 85, 0, 0, 0 },{ 74, 85, 0, 0, 0, 0 }, { 74, 85, 65, 78, 0, 0 }, { 74, 85, 69, 0, 0, 0 },{ 74, 85, 78, 0, 0, 0 }, { 75, 65, 0, 0, 0, 0 }, { 75, 65, 73, 0, 0, 0 },{ 75, 65, 78, 0, 0, 0 }, { 75, 65, 78, 71, 0, 0 }, { 75, 65, 79, 0, 0, 0 },{ 75, 69, 0, 0, 0, 0 }, { 75, 69, 73, 0, 0, 0 }, { 75, 69, 78, 0, 0, 0 },{ 75, 69, 78, 71, 0, 0 }, { 75, 79, 78, 71, 0, 0 }, { 75, 79, 85, 0, 0, 0 },{ 75, 85, 0, 0, 0, 0 }, { 75, 85, 65, 0, 0, 0 }, { 75, 85, 65, 73, 0, 0 },{ 75, 85, 65, 78, 0, 0 }, { 75, 85, 65, 78, 71, 0 }, { 75, 85, 73, 0, 0, 0 },{ 75, 85, 78, 0, 0, 0 }, { 75, 85, 79, 0, 0, 0 }, { 76, 65, 0, 0, 0, 0 },{ 76, 65, 73, 0, 0, 0 }, { 76, 65, 78, 0, 0, 0 }, { 76, 65, 78, 71, 0, 0 },{ 76, 65, 79, 0, 0, 0 }, { 76, 69, 0, 0, 0, 0 }, { 76, 69, 73, 0, 0, 0 },{ 76, 69, 78, 71, 0, 0 }, { 76, 73, 0, 0, 0, 0 }, { 76, 73, 65, 0, 0, 0 },{ 76, 73, 65, 78, 0, 0 }, { 76, 73, 65, 78, 71, 0 }, { 76, 73, 65, 79, 0, 0 },{ 76, 73, 78, 0, 0, 0 }, { 76, 73, 78, 0, 0, 0 }, { 76, 73, 78, 71, 0, 0 },{ 76, 73, 85, 0, 0, 0 }, { 76, 79, 78, 71, 0, 0 }, { 76, 79, 85, 0, 0, 0 },{ 76, 85, 0, 0, 0, 0 }, { 76, 85, 0, 0, 0, 0 }, { 76, 85, 69, 0, 0, 0 },{ 76, 85, 78, 0, 0, 0 }, { 76, 85, 79, 0, 0, 0 }, { 77, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 },{ 77, 65, 0, 0, 0, 0 }, { 77, 65, 73, 0, 0, 0 }, { 77, 65, 78, 0, 0, 0 },{ 77, 65, 78, 71, 0, 0 }, { 77, 65, 79, 0, 0, 0 }, { 77, 69, 0, 0, 0, 0 },{ 77, 69, 73, 0, 0, 0 }, { 77, 69, 78, 0, 0, 0 }, { 77, 69, 78, 71, 0, 0 },{ 77, 73, 0, 0, 0, 0 }, { 77, 73, 65, 78, 0, 0 }, { 77, 73, 65, 79, 0, 0 },{ 77, 73, 69, 0, 0, 0 }, { 77, 73, 78, 0, 0, 0 }, { 77, 73, 78, 71, 0, 0 },{ 77, 73, 85, 0, 0, 0 }, { 77, 79, 0, 0, 0, 0 }, { 77, 79, 85, 0, 0, 0 },{ 77, 85, 0, 0, 0, 0 }, { 78, 65, 0, 0, 0, 0 }, { 78, 65, 73, 0, 0, 0 },{ 78, 65, 78, 0, 0, 0 }, { 78, 65, 78, 71, 0, 0 }, { 78, 65, 79, 0, 0, 0 },{ 78, 69, 0, 0, 0, 0 }, { 78, 69, 73, 0, 0, 0 }, { 78, 69, 78, 0, 0, 0 },{ 78, 69, 78, 71, 0, 0 }, { 78, 73, 0, 0, 0, 0 }, { 78, 73, 65, 78, 0, 0 },{ 78, 73, 65, 78, 71, 0 }, { 78, 73, 65, 79, 0, 0 }, { 78, 73, 69, 0, 0, 0 },{ 78, 73, 78, 0, 0, 0 }, { 78, 73, 78, 71, 0, 0 }, { 78, 73, 85, 0, 0, 0 },{ 78, 79, 78, 71, 0, 0 }, { 78, 79, 85, 0, 0, 0 }, { 78, 85, 0, 0, 0, 0 },{ 78, 85, 65, 78, 0, 0 }, { 78, 85, 69, 0, 0, 0 }, { 78, 85, 79, 0, 0, 0 },{ 79, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 }, { 79, 85, 0, 0, 0, 0 }, { 80, 65, 0, 0, 0, 0 },{ 80, 65, 73, 0, 0, 0 }, { 80, 65, 78, 0, 0, 0 }, { 80, 65, 78, 71, 0, 0 },{ 80, 65, 79, 0, 0, 0 }, { 80, 69, 73, 0, 0, 0 }, { 80, 69, 78, 0, 0, 0 },{ 80, 69, 78, 71, 0, 0 }, { 80, 73, 0, 0, 0, 0 }, { 80, 73, 65, 78, 0, 0 },{ 80, 73, 65, 79, 0, 0 }, { 80, 73, 69, 0, 0, 0 }, { 80, 73, 78, 0, 0, 0 },{ 80, 73, 78, 71, 0, 0 }, { 80, 79, 0, 0, 0, 0 }, { 80, 79, 85, 0, 0, 0 },{ 80, 85, 0, 0, 0, 0 }, { 81, 73, 0, 0, 0, 0 }, { 81, 73, 65, 0, 0, 0 },{ 81, 73, 65, 78, 0, 0 }, { 81, 73, 65, 78, 71, 0 }, { 81, 73, 65, 79, 0, 0 },{ 81, 73, 69, 0, 0, 0 }, { 81, 73, 78, 0, 0, 0 }, { 81, 73, 78, 71, 0, 0 },{ 81, 73, 79, 78, 71, 0 }, { 81, 73, 85, 0, 0, 0 }, { 81, 85, 0, 0, 0, 0 },{ 81, 85, 65, 78, 0, 0 }, { 81, 85, 69, 0, 0, 0 }, { 81, 85, 78, 0, 0, 0 },{ 82, 65, 78, 0, 0, 0 }, { 82, 65, 78, 71, 0, 0 }, { 82, 65, 79, 0, 0, 0 },{ 82, 69, 0, 0, 0, 0 }, { 82, 69, 78, 0, 0, 0 }, { 82, 69, 78, 71, 0, 0 },{ 82, 73, 0, 0, 0, 0 }, { 82, 79, 78, 71, 0, 0 }, { 82, 79, 85, 0, 0, 0 },{ 82, 85, 0, 0, 0, 0 }, { 82, 85, 65, 78, 0, 0 }, { 82, 85, 73, 0, 0, 0 },{ 82, 85, 78, 0, 0, 0 }, { 82, 85, 79, 0, 0, 0 }, { 83, 65, 0, 0, 0, 0 },{ 83, 65, 73, 0, 0, 0 }, { 83, 65, 78, 0, 0, 0 }, { 83, 65, 78, 71, 0, 0 },{ 83, 65, 79, 0, 0, 0 }, { 83, 69, 0, 0, 0, 0 }, { 83, 69, 78, 0, 0, 0 },{ 83, 69, 78, 71, 0, 0 }, { 83, 72, 65, 0, 0, 0 }, { 83, 72, 65, 73, 0, 0 },{ 83, 72, 65, 78, 0, 0 }, { 83, 72, 65, 78, 71, 0 }, { 83, 72, 65, 79, 0, 0 },{ 83, 72, 69, 0, 0, 0 }, { 83, 72, 69, 78, 0, 0 }, { 83, 72, 69, 78, 71, 0 },{ 83, 72, 73, 0, 0, 0 }, { 83, 72, 79, 85, 0, 0 }, { 83, 72, 85, 0, 0, 0 },{ 83, 72, 85, 65, 0, 0 }, { 83, 72, 85, 65, 73, 0 }, { 83, 72, 85, 65, 78, 0 },{ 83, 72, 85, 65, 78, 71 }, { 83, 72, 85, 73, 0, 0 }, { 83, 72, 85, 78, 0, 0 },{ 83, 72, 85, 79, 0, 0 }, { 83, 73, 0, 0, 0, 0 }, { 83, 79, 78, 71, 0, 0 },{ 83, 79, 85, 0, 0, 0 }, { 83, 85, 0, 0, 0, 0 }, { 83, 85, 65, 78, 0, 0 },{ 83, 85, 73, 0, 0, 0 }, { 83, 85, 78, 0, 0, 0 }, { 83, 85, 79, 0, 0, 0 },{ 84, 65, 0, 0, 0, 0 }, { 84, 65, 73, 0, 0, 0 }, { 84, 65, 78, 0, 0, 0 },{ 84, 65, 78, 71, 0, 0 }, { 84, 65, 79, 0, 0, 0 }, { 84, 73, 65, 78, 0, 0 },{ 84, 69, 78, 71, 0, 0 }, { 84, 73, 0, 0, 0, 0 }, { 84, 73, 65, 78, 0, 0 },{ 84, 73, 65, 79, 0, 0 }, { 84, 73, 69, 0, 0, 0 }, { 84, 73, 78, 71, 0, 0 },{ 84, 79, 78, 71, 0, 0 }, { 84, 79, 85, 0, 0, 0 }, { 84, 85, 0, 0, 0, 0 },{ 84, 85, 65, 78, 0, 0 }, { 84, 85, 73, 0, 0, 0 }, { 84, 85, 78, 0, 0, 0 },{ 84, 85, 79, 0, 0, 0 }, { 87, 65, 0, 0, 0, 0 }, { 87, 65, 73, 0, 0, 0 },{ 87, 65, 78, 0, 0, 0 }, { 87, 65, 78, 71, 0, 0 }, { 87, 69, 73, 0, 0, 0 },{ 87, 69, 78, 0, 0, 0 }, { 87, 69, 78, 71, 0, 0 }, { 87, 79, 0, 0, 0, 0 },{ 87, 85, 0, 0, 0, 0 }, { 88, 73, 0, 0, 0, 0 }, { 88, 73, 65, 0, 0, 0 },{ 88, 73, 65, 78, 0, 0 }, { 88, 73, 65, 78, 71, 0 }, { 88, 73, 65, 79, 0, 0 },{ 88, 73, 69, 0, 0, 0 }, { 88, 73, 78, 0, 0, 0 }, { 88, 73, 78, 71, 0, 0 },{ 88, 73, 79, 78, 71, 0 }, { 88, 73, 85, 0, 0, 0 }, { 88, 85, 0, 0, 0, 0 },{ 88, 85, 65, 78, 0, 0 }, { 88, 85, 69, 0, 0, 0 }, { 88, 85, 78, 0, 0, 0 },{ 89, 65, 0, 0, 0, 0 }, { 89, 65, 78, 0, 0, 0 }, { 89, 65, 78, 71, 0, 0 },{ 89, 65, 79, 0, 0, 0 }, { 89, 69, 0, 0, 0, 0 }, { 89, 73, 0, 0, 0, 0 },{ 89, 73, 78, 0, 0, 0 }, { 89, 73, 78, 71, 0, 0 }, { 89, 79, 0, 0, 0, 0 },{ 89, 79, 78, 71, 0, 0 }, { 89, 79, 85, 0, 0, 0 }, { 89, 85, 0, 0, 0, 0 },{ 89, 85, 65, 78, 0, 0 }, { 89, 85, 69, 0, 0, 0 }, { 89, 85, 78, 0, 0, 0 },{ 90, 65, 0, 0, 0, 0 }, { 90, 65, 73, 0, 0, 0 }, { 90, 65, 78, 0, 0, 0 },{ 90, 65, 78, 71, 0, 0 }, { 90, 65, 79, 0, 0, 0 }, { 90, 69, 0, 0, 0, 0 },{ 90, 69, 73, 0, 0, 0 }, { 90, 69, 78, 0, 0, 0 }, { 90, 69, 78, 71, 0, 0 },{ 90, 72, 65, 0, 0, 0 }, { 90, 72, 65, 73, 0, 0 }, { 90, 72, 65, 78, 0, 0 },{ 90, 72, 65, 78, 71, 0 }, { 90, 72, 65, 79, 0, 0 }, { 90, 72, 69, 0, 0, 0 },{ 90, 72, 69, 78, 0, 0 }, { 90, 72, 69, 78, 71, 0 }, { 90, 72, 73, 0, 0, 0 },{ 90, 72, 79, 78, 71, 0 }, { 90, 72, 79, 85, 0, 0 }, { 90, 72, 85, 0, 0, 0 },{ 90, 72, 85, 65, 0, 0 }, { 90, 72, 85, 65, 73, 0 }, { 90, 72, 85, 65, 78, 0 },{ 90, 72, 85, 65, 78, 71 }, { 90, 72, 85, 73, 0, 0 }, { 90, 72, 85, 78, 0, 0 },{ 90, 72, 85, 79, 0, 0 }, { 90, 73, 0, 0, 0, 0 }, { 90, 79, 78, 71, 0, 0 },{ 90, 79, 85, 0, 0, 0 }, { 90, 85, 0, 0, 0, 0 }, { 90, 85, 65, 78, 0, 0 },{ 90, 85, 73, 0, 0, 0 }, { 90, 85, 78, 0, 0, 0 }, { 90, 85, 79, 0, 0, 0 }, }; /** first and last chinese character with known pinyin according to zh collation */ private static final string first_pinyin_unihan = ”\u963f“; private static final string last_pinyin_unihan = ”\u84d9“; /** the first chinese character in unicode block */ private static final char first_unihan = \u3400; private static final collator collator = tance(); private static hanzitopinyin sinstance; private final boolean mhaschinacollator; public static class token { /** * separator between target string for each source char */ public static final string separator = ” “; public static final int latin = 1; public static final int pinyin = 2; public static final int unknown = 3; public token { } public token(int type, string source, string target) { = type; = source; = target; } /** * type of this token, ascii, pinyin or unknown. */ public int type; /** * original string before translation. */ public string source; /** * translated string of source. for han, target is corresponding pinyin. otherwise target is * original string in source. */ public string target; } protected hanzitopinyin(boolean haschinacollator) { mhaschinacollator = haschinacollator; } public static hanzitopinyin getinstance() { synchronized () {if (sinstance != null) { return sinstance;}// check if zh_cn collation data is availablefinal locale locale[] = ilablelocales();for (int i = 0; i < ; i++) { if (locale[i].equals()) { // do self validation just once. if (debug) {log.d(tag, ”self validation. result: “ + doselfvalidation()); } sinstance = new hanzitopinyin(true); return sinstance; }}log.w(tag, ”there is no chinese collator, hanzitopinyin is disabled“);sinstance = new hanzitopinyin(false);return sinstance; } } /** * validate if our internal table has some wrong value. * * @return true when the table looks correct. */ private static boolean doselfvalidation() { char lastchar = unihans[0]; string laststring = ng(lastchar); for (char c : unihans) {if (lastchar == c) { continue;}final string curstring = ng(c);int cmp = e(laststring, curstring);if (cmp >= 0) { log.e(tag, ”internal error in unihan table. “ + ”the last string \“” + laststring+ “\” is greater than current string \“” + curstring + “\”.“); return false;}laststring = curstring; } return true; } private token gettoken(char character) { token token = new token(); final string letter = ng(character); = letter; int ffset = -1; int cmp; if (character < 256) { = ; = letter;return token; } else if (character < first_unihan) { = n; = letter;return token; } else {cmp = e(letter, first_pinyin_unihan);if (cmp < 0) { = n; = letter; return token;} else if (cmp == 0) { = ; ffset = 0;} else { cmp = e(letter, last_pinyin_unihan); if (cmp >0) { = n; = letter; return token; } else if (cmp == 0) { = ; ffset = - 1; }} } = ; if (offset < 0) {int begin = 0;int end = - 1;while (begin <= end) { ffset = (begin + end) / 2; final string unihan = ng(unihans[offset]); cmp = e(letter, unihan); if (cmp == 0) { break; } else if (cmp >0) { begin = offset + 1; } else { end = offset - 1; }} } if (cmp < 0) {offset--; } stringbuilder pinyin = new stringbuilder(); for (int j = 0; j < pinyins[offset].length && pinyins[offset][j] != 0; j++) {((char) pinyins[offset][j]); } = ng(); return token; } /** * convert the input to a array of tokens. the sequence of ascii or unknown characters without * space will be put into a token, one hanzi character which has pinyin will be treated as a * token. if these is no china collator, the empty token array is returned. */ public arraylist
get(final string input) { arraylist
tokens = new arraylist
(); if (!mhaschinacollator || y(input)) {// return empty tokens; } final int inputlength = (); final stringbuilder sb = new stringbuilder(); int tokentype = ; // go through the input, create a new token when // a. token type changed // b. get the pinyin of current charater. // c. current character is space. for (int i = 0; i < inputlength; i++) {final char character = (i);if (character == ) { if (() >0) { addtoken(sb, tokens, tokentype); }} else if (character < 256) { if (tokentype != && () >0) { addtoken(sb, tokens, tokentype); } tokentype = ; (character);} else if (character < first_unihan) { if (tokentype != n && () >0) { addtoken(sb, tokens, tokentype); } tokentype = n; (character);} else { token t = gettoken(character); if ( == ) { if (() >0) {addtoken(sb, tokens, tokentype); } (t); tokentype = ; } else { if (tokentype != && () >0) {addtoken(sb, tokens, tokentype); } tokentype = ; (character); }} } if (() >0) {addtoken(sb, tokens, tokentype); } return tokens; } private void addtoken(final stringbuilder sb, final arraylist
tokens, final int tokentype) { string str = ng(); (new token(tokentype, str, str)); gth(0); } //the fillowing lines are provided and maintained by mediatek inc. private class dialersearchtoken extends token { static final int firstcase = 0; static final int uppercase = 1; static final int lowercase = 2; } public string gettokensfordialersearch(final string input, stringbuilder offsets){ if(offsets == null || input == null || y(input)){ // return empty tokens return null; }stringbuilder substrset = new stringbuilder(); arraylist
tokens = new arraylist
(); arraylist
shortsubstroffset = new arraylist
(); final int inputlength = (); final stringbuilder substring = new stringbuilder(); final stringbuilder substroffset = new stringbuilder(); int tokentype = ; int casetypepre = ase; int casetypecurr = dialersearchase; int mpos = 0; // go through the input, create a new token when // a. token type changed // b. get the pinyin of current charater. // c. current character is space. // d. token case changed from lower case to upper case, // e. the first character is always a separated one // f character == + || character == # || character == * || character == , || character == ; for (int i = 0; i < inputlength; i++) {final char character = (i);if (character == - || character == , ){ mpos++;} else if (character == ) { if (() >0) { addtoken(substring, tokens, tokentype); addoffsets(substroffset, shortsubstroffset); } addsubstring(tokens,shortsubstroffset,substrset,offsets); mpos++; casetypepre = ase;} else if (character < 256) { if (tokentype != && () >0) { addtoken(substring, tokens, tokentype); addoffsets(substroffset, shortsubstroffset); } casetypecurr = (character>=a && character<=z)?dialersearchase:dialersearchase; if(casetypepre == dialersearchase && casetypecurr == dialersearchase){ addtoken(substring, tokens, tokentype); addoffsets(substroffset, shortsubstroffset); } casetypepre = casetypecurr; tokentype = ; character c = rcase(character); if(c != null){ (c); ((char)mpos); } mpos++;} else if (character < first_unihan) {//comment out. do not cover unknown characters since they can not be input.// if (tokentype != n && () >0) {// addtoken(substring, tokens, tokentype);// addoffsets(substroffset, shortsubstroffset);// casetypepre = ase;// }// tokentype = n;// character c = rcase(character);// if(c != null){// (c);// ((char)(mpos));// } mpos++;} else { token t = gettoken(character); int tokensize = (); //current type is pinyin if ( == ) { if (() >0) {addtoken(substring, tokens, tokentype);addoffsets(substroffset, shortsubstroffset); } (t); for(int j=0; j < tokensize;j++) ((char)mpos); addoffsets(substroffset,shortsubstroffset); tokentype = ; casetypepre = ase; mpos++; } else { //comment out. do not cover special characters since they can not be input.// if (tokentype != && () >0) {//addtoken(substring, tokens, tokentype);//addoffsets(substroffset, shortsubstroffset);//casetypepre = ase;// }else{// casetypecurr = (character>=a && character<=z)?ase:ase;// if(casetypepre == ase && casetypecurr == ase){// addtoken(substring, tokens, tokentype);// addoffsets(substroffset, shortsubstroffset);// }// casetypepre = casetypecurr; // }// tokentype = ;// character c = rcase(character);// if(c != null){// (c);// (mpos);// } mpos++; }}//if the name string is too long, cut it off to meet the storage request of dialer (mpos >127) break; } if (() >0) {addtoken(substring, tokens, tokentype);addoffsets(substroffset, shortsubstroffset); } addsubstring(tokens,shortsubstroffset,substrset,offsets); return ng(); } private void addoffsets(final stringbuilder sb, final arraylist
shortsubstroffset){ string str = ng(); (str); gth(0); } private void addsubstring(final arraylist
tokens, final arraylist
shortsubstroffset, stringbuilder substrset, stringbuilder offsets){ if(tokens == null || y())return; int size = (); int len = 0; stringbuilder mshortsubstr = new stringbuilder(); stringbuilder mshortsubstroffsets = new stringbuilder(); stringbuilder mshortsubstrset = new stringbuilder(); stringbuilder mshortsubstroffsetsset = new stringbuilder(); for(int i=size-1; i>=0 ; i--){string mtempstr = (i).target;len += ();string mtempoffset = (i);if(()>0){ charat(0); charat(0);}(0, mtempstr);(0,(char)len);(0,mtempoffset);(0,(char)len);(0,mshortsubstr);(0, mshortsubstroffsets); } (mshortsubstrset); (mshortsubstroffsetsset); (); (); } //the previous lines are provided and maintained by mediatek inc. }
ga拼音的所有漢字四 ga拼音的所有漢字組詞篇五
《難讀漢字查拼音表》 (按筆畫為序)
——1 畫——
丿pie
——2 畫——
孑jie??? 孓jue??? 乜mie??? 厶si
——3 畫——
彳chi??? 亍chu??? 乇tuo??? 尢wang?? 囗wei
——4 畫——
仂le???? 亓qi???? 爿pan??? 殳shu??? 閂shuan? 刈yi???? 爻yao
仄ze???? 仉zhang
——5 畫——
仨sa???? 訐jie??? 鄺kuang? 叻le???? 庀pi???? 氕pie??? 卮zhi
仫mu???? 勱mai??? 邙mang?? 忉dao??? 宄gui??? 弁bian?? 芻chu
仟qian?? 邗han??? 阢wu???? 艽jiao?? 尻kao??? 尥liao?? 疋pi
仡ge???? 邛qiong? 仝tong?? 艿nai??? 尕ga???? 氐di
——6 畫——
仵wu???? 劭shao?? 圯yi???? 芏du???? 犴an???? 紇ge???? 閆yan
傖cang?? 邡fang?? 圮pi???? 芎xiong? 犸ma???? 紆yu???? 艮gen
佤wa???? 阱jing?? 壙kuang? 芑qi???? 獷guang? 厙she??? 乩ji
傴yu???? 邴bing?? 捫men??? 汊cha??? 舛chuan? 牝pin??? 囝jian
仳pi???? 汆cuan?? 芄wan??? 汜si???? 玎ding?? 餳tang?? 凼dang
詎ju???? 氽tun??? 薌xiang? 夼kuang? 妁shuo?? 孛bei??? 聿yu
冱hu???? 汞gong?? 蔦niao?? 屺qi???? 纊kuang? 氘dao??? 囟xin
——7 畫——
佗tuo??? 陘xing?? 苊e????? 呔dai??? 忻xin??? 紺gan??? 妗jin??? 歟yu
佧ka???? 壢li???? 苧ning?? 吡bi???? 愾kai??? 杌wu???? 嫵wu???? 豕shi
詿gua??? 圻qi???? 苡yi???? 吲yin??? 愴chuang 榪ma???? 妣bi???? 卣you
謅zhou?? 坩gan??? 芪qi???? 嚦li???? 憮wu???? 杓biao?? 媯gui??? 奩lian
詆di???? 坌ben??? 芫yan??? 呋fu???? 忮zhi??? 軔ren??? 姒si???? 兕si
詘qu???? 僉qian?? 苣ju???? 岙a(chǎn)o???? 忤wu???? 迓ya???? 妤yu
詁gu???? 芴wu???? 芰ji???? 岜ba???? 忭bian?? 迕wu???? 疔ding
詒yi???? 芟shan?? 芾fei??? 岍qian?? 呃e????? 剄jing?? 閎hong
邰tai??? 藶li???? 芡qian?? 岈ya???? 囈yi???? 旰gan??? 閌kang
阽dian?? 芤kou??? 灃feng?? 峴xian?? 吣qin??? 肜rong?? 闈wei
邶bei??? 苷gan??? 溈wei??? 岣gou??? 咼guo??? 肟wo???? 氚chuan
阼zuo??? 蓯cong?? 沆hang?? 岫xiu??? 劬qu???? 釕liao?? 羋mi
邳pi???? 芘bi???? 泐le???? 餼xi???? 紕pi???? 釔yi???? 町ding
陂bei??? 萇chang? 沂yi???? 飭chi??? 綸lun??? 廡wu???? 甙dai
邸di???? 莧xian?? 沔mian?? 飫yu???? 紲xie??? 庋gui??? 奐huan
鄔wu???? 芩qin??? 沅yuan?? 飪r(jià)en??? 狃niu??? 狁yun??? 肓huang
——8 畫——
侉kua??? 郄qie??? 苴ju???? 呸pei??? 繹yi???? 昃ze???? 碭dang?? 鴇bao
佻tiao?? 糴di???? 塋ying?? 帙zhi??? 紼fu???? 炅gui??? 礬fan??? 鴆zhen
佾yi???? 坭ni???? 苒ran??? 帑tang?? 紱fu???? 昀yun??? 盱xu???? 鳩jiu
侑you??? 坫dian?? 苤pie??? 帔pei??? 騶zou??? 昕xin??? 畎quan?? 甌ou
佴er???? 壚lu???? 泱yang?? 崠dong?? 駘dai??? 杲gao??? 甾zai??? 剴kai
儕chai?? 坶mu???? 瀧long?? 岢ke???? 駔zang?? 肼jing?? 畀bi???? 忝tian
詬gou??? 坻chi??? 泮pan??? 嶧yi???? 瑋wei??? 肭na???? 畋tian?? 兗yan
詵shen?? 抻chen?? 泔gan??? 蚩chi??? 玟min??? 肫zhun?? 釩fan??? 罔wang
誄lei??? 拊fu???? 沲duo??? 岵hu???? 玢bin??? 朊ruan?? 釬qian?? 匭gui
諢hun??? 苕shao?? 泫xuan?? 徂cu???? 棖cheng? 肷qian?? 鍆men??? 舁yu
鄶kuai?? 苻fu???? 濼luo??? 狒fei??? 樅cong?? 熗qiang? 釷tu???? 戽hu
郇huan?? 茆mao??? 泖mao??? 怙hu???? 杪miao?? 炔que??? 釧chuan? 孥nu
陔gai??? 茚yin??? 泠ling?? 怊chao?? 櫪li???? 煒wei??? 釤shan?? 弳jing
鄆yun??? 苘qing?? 洹huan?? 怫fu???? 枧jian?? 祉zhi??? 疝shan?? 耵ding
邾zhu??? 茇ba???? 嚨long?? 怛da???? 杵chu??? 戕qiang? 癘li???? 耔zi
郅zhi??? 茌chi??? 咔ka???? 懌yi???? 枘rui??? 戧qiang? 穸xi???? 詮quan
郛fu???? 苠min??? 咄duo??? 迮ze???? 軛e????? 矸gan??? 窆bian
郟jia??? 苫shan?? 呦you??? 迨dai??? 轱gu???? 矽xi???? 宓mi
——9 畫——
俟qi???? 撟jiao?? 浹jia??? 嘩hua??? 枰ping?? 胙zuo??? 眄mian?? 庠xiang
倏shu??? 挎kua??? 洙zhu??? 咻xiu??? 櫨lu???? 胍gua??? 眍kou??? 庥xiu
俜ping?? 藎jin??? 涎xian?? 咴hui??? 柢di???? 臚lu???? 畛zhen?? 閡he
俅qiu??? 滎xing?? 潯xun??? 哌pai??? 櫳long?? 胨dong?? 畈fan??? 閭lu
儔chou?? 茺chong? 洮tao??? 嶠jiao?? 檉cheng? 朐qu???? 鈧kang?? 闥ta
諑zhuo?? 犖luo??? 洱er???? 峒dong?? 柙xia??? 胂shen?? 鈥huo??? 懟dui
誒ai???? 蕁qian?? 洳ru???? 獪kuai?? 軫zhen?? 胗zhen?? 鈄tou??? 爰yuan
誚qiao?? 茯fu???? 洫xu???? 狨rong?? 軺yao??? 炱tai??? 鉅ju???? 逄pang
誥gao??? 荇xing?? 澮hui??? 絎hang?? 轷hu???? 炷zhu??? 鈐qian?? 訇hong
咭ji???? 蕘rao??? 洇yin??? 懨yan??? 轢li???? 炻shi??? 鈁fang?? 剮gua
勐meng?? 葒hong?? 洧wei??? 愷kai??? 軹zhi??? 烀hu???? 疬li???? 罘fu
郜gao??? 茳jiang? 洎ji???? 惲yun??? 殄tian?? 袂mei??? 疣you??? 矜guan
陟zhi??? 荮zhou?? 哏gen??? 恂xun??? 殂cu???? 衽ren??? 瘍yang?? 巹jin
鄖yun??? 莛ting?? 咩mie??? 宥you??? 昴mao??? 衿jin??? 鴣gu???? 尜ga
隉nie??? 茈ci???? 呲ci???? 宦huan?? 曷he???? 祚zuo??? 鶇dong?? 窀zhun
郗xi???? 荬mai??? 噲kuai?? 驊hua??? 昝zan??? 祗zhi??? 秈xian?? 扃jiong
坰shang? 茼tong?? 嗶bi???? 驍xiao?? 昱yu???? 禰mi???? 虺hui??? 頇han
垓gai??? 荑ti???? 嘵xiao?? 珂ke???? 昶chang? 祓fu???? 蠆chai?? 澩xue
垌dong?? 茛gen??? 咿yi???? 琺fa???? 貰shi??? 衲na???? 虼ge???? 颮biao
塏kai??? 蓽bi???? 噦hui??? 柝tuo??? 賁ben??? 祜hu???? 艏shou?? 矧shen
埡ya???? 茗ming?? 嚌ji???? 枵xiao?? 貺kuang? 硨che??? 舡chuan? 皈gui
埏shan?? 茭jiao?? 咦yi???? 梔zhi??? 牮jian?? 砉hua??? 艤y(cè)i
垴nao??? 洚jiang? 哚duo??? 柃ling?? 牯gu???? 砜feng?? 籩bian
拶za???? 湞zhen?? 哂shen?? 柁duo??? 胩ka???? 砑ya???? 笈ji
——10畫——
俳pai??? 捃jun??? 啶ding?? 珥er????? 脒mi???? 鈹pi????? 鴯er???? 璽xi
倨ju???? 挹yi???? 幬chou?? 珙gong??? 胱guang? 鉞yue???? 蚋rui??? 厝cuo
倬zhuo?? 莆pu???? 崍lai??? 頊xu????? 胴dong?? 鈰shi???? 蚪dou??? 邕yong
倮luo??? 莨lang?? 髟biao?? 珩hang??? 胲hai??? 鈿dian??? 蚣gong?? 氤yin
鵂xiu??? 莘shen?? 狴bi???? 珧yao???? 脎sa???? 鈮ni????? 蚧jie??? 齔chen
倜ti???? 蕕you??? 猁li???? 桁heng??? 旆pei??? 鉍bi????? 蚨fu???? 屙e
諗shen?? 莞guan?? 狻suan?? 桄guang?? 旃zhan?? 鉈ta????? 蚍pi???? 鬲ge
凇song?? 莼chun?? 狷juan?? 梃ting??? 旄mao??? 鈳ke????? 蠔hao??? 鬮jiu
郯tan??? 莪e????? 狺yin??? 桕jiu???? 燁ye???? 鉦zheng?? 舯zhong? 躉dun
郴chen?? 蒔shi??? 狳yu???? 栳lao???? 剡shan?? 銩diu???? 舨ban??? 畚ben
陬zou??? 莰kan??? 獫xian?? 榿qi????? 燼jin??? 鉉xuan??? 舭bi???? 趵bao
陴pi???? 莜you??? 餑bo???? 栝gua???? 敉mi???? 疳gan???? 笄ji???? 頏hang
郫pi???? 莩fu???? 悃kun??? 桊juan??? 砹ai???? 癰yong??? 筧jian?? 衄nu
琊ya???? 薟xian?? 悝kui??? 栲kao???? 砩fu???? 疸da????? 笏hu???? 剞ji
鬯chang? 浯wu???? 悌ti???? 椏ya????? 砟zha??? 痄zha???? 笊zhao?? 亳bo
豇jiang? 潿wei??? 慳qian?? 輇quan??? 砥di???? 疰zhu???? 恝jia??? 袞gun
垸yuan?? 浼mei??? 暉hui??? 輊zhi???? 礪li???? 疴ke????? 恚hui??? 瓞die
塤xun??? 浠xi???? 曄ye???? 輅lu????? 砼tong?? 痃xuan??? 恁nen??? 盍he
埕cheng? 浞zhuo?? 邐li???? 晟sheng?? 礱long?? 祧tiao??? 罟gu???? 耖chao
堝guo??? 哳zha??? 逡qun??? 貲zi????? 眚sheng? 袢pan???? 酎zhou?? 恧nu
埴zhi??? 唣zao??? 綈di???? 贐jin???? 眢yuan?? 鴰gua???? 酏yi???? 軎wei
埒lie??? 嘜ma???? 綆geng?? 蜆xian??? 眙yi???? 鴝qu????? 閫kun??? 哿ge
塒shi??? 咣guang? 琿hui??? 覬ji????? 鉭tan??? 鵓bo????? 毪mu
——11畫——
僨fen??? 掊pou??? 渚zhu??? 猓guo??? 脘wan??? 鉻ge???? 蚶han??? 胬nu
傀kui??? 掮qian?? 淬cui??? 猗yi???? 牿gu???? 鋌ding?? 蛄gu???? 閾yu
諼xuan?? 摑guai?? 淥lu???? 猊ni???? 牾wu???? 鉿ha???? 蚰you??? 瓠h(huán)u
諶chen?? 揶ye???? 淇qi???? 玀luo??? 脲niao?? 銦yin??? 蚵he???? 趼jian
諞pian?? 菽shu??? 淝fei??? 悱fei??? 腡luo??? 鐺cheng? 蛑mou??? 趺fu
諤e????? 菁jing?? 涫guan?? 惝chang? 脬pao??? 銃chong? 蛉ling?? 氪ke
鄄juan?? 萜tie??? 淠pi???? 逭huan?? 脞cuo??? 銠lao??? 舸ge???? 麩fu
隗kui??? 菘song?? 瀋shen?? 逯lu???? 旎ni???? 銖zhu??? 艫lu???? 厴yan
郾yan??? 菡han??? 啖dan??? 婧jing?? 焐wu???? 鎧kai??? 舳zhu??? 斛hu
铘ye???? 菀wan??? 啁zhao?? 綬shou?? 焓han??? 銪you??? 舴ze???? 舄xi
隈wei??? 菔fu???? 唿hu???? 绱shang? 禱dao??? 鉺er???? 笞chi??? 欷xi
埝nian?? 萸yu???? 唳li???? 緄gun??? 袷jia??? 銚diao?? 笱gou??? 皸jun
埽sao??? 菪dang?? 唪feng?? 綞duo??? 袼ge???? 稆lu???? 筇qiong? 堇jin
埭dai??? 菸yan??? 唼sha??? 騏qi???? 硤xia??? 稃fu???? 筅xian?? 雩yu
埸yi???? 菥xi???? 囀zhuan? 驂can??? 硐dong?? 痖ya???? 笤tiao?? 勖xu
埯an???? 萏dan??? 啉lin??? 騅zhui?? 硎xing?? 痂jia??? 笥si???? 觖jue
堍tu???? 萆bi???? 啵bo???? 騍ke???? 硌ge???? 疵ci???? 笪da???? 庾yu
埤pi???? 荼tu???? 圉yu???? 桴fu???? 硇nao??? 鷴xian?? 笮ze???? 閼e
聃dan??? 蓊weng?? 圊qing?? 桷jue??? 磽qiao?? 鵜ti???? 笳jia??? 匏pao
堋peng?? 菝ba???? 幘ze???? 晤wu???? 砦zhai?? 鵒yu???? 閶chang? 愨que
摜guan?? 菰gu???? 崧song?? 晗han??? 眵chi??? 鷥si???? 閽hun??? 庹tuo
捩lie??? 萑huan?? 崮gu???? 賚lai??? 铞diao?? 糲li???? 閿wen??? 羝di
掎ji???? 菖chang? 崦yan??? 賕qiu??? 鐋tang?? 蚺ran??? 殍piao?? 裒pou
掭tian?? 淦gan??? 崞guo??? 覡xi???? 鋏jia??? 蟶cheng? 聹ning?? 艴fu
——12畫——
儺nuo??? 葜qia??? 猬wei??? 琬wan??? 腱jian?? 鐒lao??? 蛺jia??? 牘du
儐bin??? 葚ren??? 猢hu???? 琰yan??? 腴yu???? 鋝lue??? 蜣qiang? 頡jie
讜dang?? 溆xu???? 猥wei??? 琚ju???? 焙bei??? 鋟qin??? 舾xi???? 畬she
堠hou??? 湫jiao?? 猱nao??? 椋liang? 焱yan??? 嵇ji???? 筌quan?? 詈li
塄leng?? 湔jian?? 飧sun??? 棣di???? 焯chao?? 稂lang?? 筘kou??? 闃qu
揆kui??? 溲sou??? 馇cha??? 椐ju???? 裎cheng? 瘐yu???? 覃qin??? 耋die
揎xuan?? 渫xie??? 愀qiao?? 槨guo??? 裥jian?? 癇xian?? 跆tai??? 觴shang
揲die??? 湓pen??? 婺wu???? 楗jian?? 褳lian?? 痧sha??? 跛bo???? 魃ba
掾yuan?? 滁c(diǎn)hu??? 媼ao???? 槧qian?? 襝lian?? 痤cuo??? 跗fu???? 皴cun
揸zha??? 喇la???? 緦si???? 櫝du???? 毿san??? 痦wu???? 跏jia??? 甯ning
揄yu???? 喈jie??? 緡min??? 棹zhao?? 毳cui??? 鹋miao?? 酡tuo??? 巽xun
葭jia??? 喹kui??? 緱gou??? 楮chu??? 硪wo???? 鷓zhe??? 酢cu???? 欹qi
葑feng?? 嵯cuo??? 繢hui??? 輥gun??? 鹼jian?? 鵯bei??? 酤gu???? 耜si
葶ting?? 崾yao??? 縋zhui?? 輞wang?? 睇di???? 粞xi???? 晷g(shù)ui??? 嚳ku
蔞lou??? 崴wai??? 緶bian?? 輜zi???? 脧suo??? 粢zi???? 赍ji???? 羿yi
葸xi???? 崳yu???? 緙ke???? 殛ji???? 锏jian?? 蛩qiong? 賧dan??? 矬cuo
蒎pai??? 嵫zi???? 緹ti???? 犍jian?? 鋱te???? 蛘yang?? 彘zhi??? 遄chuan
蕆chan?? 嵬wei??? 緗xiang? 犋ju???? 鋦ju???? 蠐qi???? 縶zhi??? 耠huo
蕢kui??? 嶁lou??? 驁ao???? 腙zong?? 锎kai??? 蛞kuo??? 巰qiu??? 魴fang
蒈kai??? 猹cha??? 騭zhi??? 腈jing?? 錸lai??? 蛭zhi??? 覿di???? 棼fen
葙xiang? 猸mei??? 琮cong?? 腓fei??? 鋨e????? 蜉fu???? 觚gu
——13畫——
僖xi???? 蒡bang?? 嗌ai???? 媵ying?? 磧qi???? 痱fei??? 酮tong?? 輳cou
傺chi??? 蒹jian?? 嗪qin??? 塍cheng? 睚ya???? 瘁cui??? 跣xian?? 氳yun
僭jian?? 蓍shi??? 嗉su???? 腧shu??? 畹wan??? 痼gu???? 躚xian?? 髡kun
譖zen??? 蓊weng?? 嗬he???? 腩nan??? 锨xian?? 裼ti???? 蹕bi???? 跫qiong
谫jian?? 蒽en???? 嗍suo??? 腠cou??? 錕kun??? 裰duo??? 鮒fu???? 旒liu
鄢yan??? 鎣ying?? 嵊sheng? 膃wa???? 錛ben??? 褚chu??? 鲆ping?? 牒die
鄱po???? 蒗lang?? 徭yao??? 煊xuan?? 鍺zhe??? 禊xi???? 鲅ba???? 瑗yuan
鄞yin??? 蓁zhen?? 饈xiu??? 煳hu???? 鍤cha??? 罨yan??? 鱟hou??? 謄teng
鄣z(mì)hang? 蕷yu???? 遘gou??? 煸bian?? 锝de???? 鹛mei??? 鮐tai??? 魍wang
塬yuan?? 溘ke???? 遢ta???? 煺tui??? 鎪sou??? 鶘hu???? 鲇nian?? 訾zi
塥ge???? 滏fu???? 縭li???? 毹shu??? 锪huo??? 粳jing?? 齠tiao?? 骱jie
搛jian?? 灄she??? 縑jian?? 敫jiao?? 錁ke???? 糝san??? 獒ao???? 黿yuan
搦nuo??? 溽ru???? 楝lian?? 歃sha??? 锘nuo??? 蛸shao?? 廒ao???? 蒯kuai
攄shu??? 溏tang?? 榘ju???? 歆xin??? 锫pei??? 蜮yu???? 媾gou??? 騮liu
搋chuai? 溻ta???? 櫬chen?? 戤gai??? 錙zi???? 蜊li???? 騸shan?? 圜huan
搐chu??? 漭mang?? 櫸ju???? 戡kan??? 鍇kai??? 蜍chu??? 耢lao??? 愍min
摁en???? 溷hun??? 楸qiu??? 戥deng?? 錟tan??? 艉wei??? 愆qian?? 麂ji
搠shuo?? 滟yan??? 榀pin??? 碚bei??? 錆qiang? 筢pa???? 犏pian?? 肄yi
蒺ji???? 潷bi???? 椹shen?? 碓dui??? 痿wei??? 筻gang?? 覦yu???? 裔yi
蒴shuo?? 溱qin??? 楱cou??? 碇ding?? 癉dan??? 筮shi??? 黹zhi??? 猷you
蓐ru???? 溯su???? 槎cha??? 磣chen?? 瘃zhu??? 筲shao?? 觜zi???? 觥gong
椴duan
——14畫——
儆jing?? 甍meng?? 嫜zhang? 锿ai???? 螋sou??? 箅bi???? 毓yu???? 饉jin
僦jiu??? 蕖qu???? 縲lei??? 鐨fei??? 蜚fei??? 簞dan??? 豢huan?? 闞han
僬jiao?? 蔟cu???? 驄cong?? 镅mei??? 蜱pi???? 箐qing?? 搿ge???? 夥huo
譎jue??? 蘞lian?? 璦ai???? 鍰huan?? 蜴yi???? 酹lei??? 嫠li???? 踅xue
譙qiao?? 蓰xi???? 瑭tang?? 鏤lou??? 蝰kui??? 酲cheng? 銎qiong? 靼da
讞yan??? 蓼liao?? 榧fei??? 瘊hou??? 蝮fu???? 釃shai?? 雒luo??? 嘏gu
譫zhan?? 漪yi???? 榷que??? 瘞yi???? 蜩tiao?? 酴tu???? 鞅yang?? 罌ying
隰xi???? 潴zhu??? 槔gao??? 瘕jia??? 蜞qi???? 釅yan??? 跽ji???? 搴qian
鄯shan?? 漤lan??? 櫧zhu??? 瘥chai?? 蜾guo??? 鲞xiang? 戩jian?? 夤yin
墁man??? 瀠ying?? 榍xie??? 窬yu???? 蝣you??? 鮞er???? 隳hui??? 綦qi
墑shang? 滹hu???? 榫sun??? 窶ju???? 箬ruo??? 鮚jie??? 瞀mao??? 綮qi
墚liang? 澉gan??? 槊shuo?? 窨xun??? 箸ruo??? 鱭ji???? 賻fu???? 屣xi
墉yong?? 漶huan?? 榱cui??? 褊bian?? 篳bi???? 鮪wei??? 耥tang?? 鼽qiu
摺she??? 漯luo??? 碴cha??? 褙bei??? 箝qian?? 鮫jiao?? 膂lu???? 暝ming
撖han??? 嗾sou??? 碹xuan?? 禚zhuo?? 簀ze???? 魈xiao?? 覯gou??? 劁qiao
攖ying?? 嘞lei??? 碡zhou?? 羆pi???? 箢yuan?? 魎liang? 廑jin??? 觫su
摭zhi??? 嘀di???? 碲di???? 罱lan??? 篋qie??? 貅xiu??? 慝te???? 瞍sou
蔸dou??? 獍jing?? 碥bian?? 鶚e????? 簣kui??? 貊mo???? 寤wu???? 劂jue
蓿xu???? 嫘l(wèi)ei??? 鎦liu??? 鶼jian?? 箜kong
——15畫——
儇xuan?? 蕞zui??? 麋mi???? 槭qi???? 鎘ge???? 蝓yu???? 鯁geng?? 褫chi
儋dan??? 蕈xun??? 麈zhu??? 槲hu???? 镎na???? 螻lou??? 鰹jian?? 鋈wu
酆feng?? 澌si???? 廛chan?? 橥zhu??? 鐓dui??? 蝽chun?? 鯇huan?? 劓yi
酃ling?? 澍shu??? 遴l(xiāng)in??? 轆lu???? 瘼mo???? 篼dou??? 鯀gun??? 虢guo
鄹zou??? 潲shao?? 暹xian?? 曩nang?? 瘛chi??? 籜tuo??? 鱘xun??? 耬lou
墀chi??? 嘬chuai? 纈xie??? 覲jin??? 鶻gu???? 篌hou??? 鰣shi??? 骺hou
撅jue??? 噎ye???? 繒zeng?? 覷qu???? 鷸yu???? 篪chi??? 鱺li???? 羯jie
擼lu???? 噶ga???? 繾qian?? 膣zhi??? 鷚liu??? 醌kun??? 鰷tiao?? 賾ze
撙zun??? 噍jiao?? 璁cong?? 熠yi???? 糌zan??? 醅pei??? 鞒qiao?? 聵kui
攛cuan?? 噌ceng?? 璋zhang? 熵shang? 糇hou??? 踟chi??? 髫tiao?? 鼉tuo
蕺ji???? 幡fan??? 瓔ying?? 磔zhe??? 糈xu???? 踺jian?? 觶zhi??? 牖you
蕙hui??? 幞fu???? 璇xuan?? 磉sang?? 蝻nan??? 踣bo???? 憝dui??? 窳yu
蕤rui??? 嶝deng?? 樘tang?? 磙gun??? 蝤qiu??? 躓zhi??? 屨ju???? 赭zhe
蘄qi???? 馓san??? 樗chu??? 鑌bin??? 蝌ke???? 踔chuo?? 劐huo??? 畿ji
——16畫——
墼ji???? 潞lu???? 燧sui??? 噤jin??? 鏞yong?? 醍ti???? 耪pang?? 鯫zou
壅yong?? 噱jue??? 燠yu???? 嚆hao??? 鏑di???? 醑xu???? 耩jiang? 翥zhu
擗pi???? 噻sai??? 燔fan??? 鷲jiu??? 鏇xuan?? 醐h(huán)u???? 耨nou??? 靛dian
搟gan??? 獬xie??? 甑z(mì)eng?? 鷦jiao?? 鏝man??? 顳nie??? 鏨zan??? 鼢fen
擐huan?? 寰huan?? 甏beng?? 鷯liao?? 篥li???? 顢man??? 歙she??? 鹺cuo
薤xie??? 褰qian?? 磬qing?? 糗qiu??? 篚fei??? 顙sang?? 鯔zi???? 髹xiu
蕻hong?? 霈pei??? 礅dun??? 螗tang?? 篾mie??? 暾tun??? 鯛diao?? 橐tuo
薅hao??? 嬗shan?? 磲qu???? 螯ao???? 盥guan?? 蹁pian?? 鲴gu???? 繇yao
薜bi???? 嬖bi???? 瞰kan??? 螈yuan?? 皤po???? 踽ju???? 鯧chang? 麴qu
薏yi???? 繰qiao?? 癭ying?? 螓qin??? 廨xie??? 蹀die??? 鯪ling
蕹weng?? 櫞yuan?? 瘰luo??? 膪chuai? 殪yi???? 鞔man??? 鯰nian
濂lian?? 檎qin??? 瘵zhai?? 膦lin??? 聱ao???? 氆pu???? 鯖qing
澧li???? 樾yue??? 癃long?? 憷chu??? 轔lin??? 氅chang? 鯡fei
澶chan?? 檠qing?? 罹li???? 懔lin??? 黌hong?? 觳hu???? 鲺shi
——17畫——
龠yue??? 蘚xian?? 繯huan?? 鑭lan??? 蟊mao??? 縻mi???? 醢hai??? 髀bi
擢zhuo?? 薹tai??? 嬲niao?? 鐠pu???? 罾zeng?? 麇jun??? 蹙cu???? 髁ke
擤xing?? 藁gao??? 讎chou?? 鐔chan?? 鹱hu???? 籪duan?? 鍪mou??? 魑chi
濮pu???? 薷ru???? 檑lei??? 鐙deng?? 螫shi??? 簋gui??? 鳊bian?? 擘bo
濠hao??? 曜yao??? 璩qu???? 镥lu???? 螬cao??? 簏lu???? 鳋sao??? 馘guo
獯xun??? 臁lian?? 甓pi???? 鏹qiang? 蟓xiang? 嶷yi???? 鰈die??? 艚cao
謇jian?? 臌gu???? 磴deng?? 镩cuan?? 螵piao?? 檗bo???? 鲼fen??? 鼬you
邃sui??? 膻shan?? 瞵lin??? 疃tuan?? 螽zhong? 醣tang?? 鰒fu???? 豳bin
——18畫——
藜li???? 燹xian?? 蟮shan?? 簟dian?? 霾mai??? 韉jian?? 髂qia??? 鏊ao
馕nang?? 礓jiang? 蟛peng?? 籀zhou?? 鰩yao??? 鞣rou??? 瞽gu???? 翮he
邋la???? 镲cha??? 蟪hui??? 貔pi???? 鰨ta???? 鞫ju???? 鬈quan?? 囅chan
檫cha??? 鐿yi???? 艟chong? 貘mo???? 鰥guan?? 鞴bei??? 餮tie??? 黟yi
曛xun??? 瘭biao?? 簦deng?? 蹯fan??? 糨jiang? 鞲gou??? 黻fu
——19畫——
讖chen?? 藿huo??? 礞meng?? 蠊lian?? 醵ju???? 鳘min??? 黢qu???? 鼗tao
攉huo??? 嚯huo??? 礤ca???? 蠖huo??? 醯xi???? 鱈xue??? 黧li???? 纛dao
蘅heng?? 纘zuan?? 蠛mie??? 艨meng?? 霪yin??? 鰳le???? 鬏jiu
蘧qu???? 襦ru???? 蠓meng?? 籟lai??? 鳙yong?? 襞bi???? 鼯wu
——20畫——
蘩fan??? 獾huan?? 颥ru???? 鱔shan?? 黥qing?? 爨cuan?? 鼉tuo
瀹yue??? 驤xiang? 醪lao??? 鱖gui??? 謦qing?? 鬟h(yuǎn)uan
瀵fen??? 瓚zan??? 霰san??? 黲can??? 黼fu???? 璺wen
——21畫——
爝jue??? 蠡li???? 鼙pi???? 鱧li???? 鐾bei??? 饕tao
——22畫——
蘸zhan?? 氍qu???? 禳rang?? 躐lie??? 饔yong?? 鼷xi
鬻yu???? 穰rang?? 耱mo???? 髑du???? 鼴yan
——23畫——
癯qu???? 躞xie??? 躦zuan??? 趲zan??? 蠲juan?? 鬣l(xiāng)ie
——24畫——
灞ba???? 襻pan??? 蠹 du???? 躔chan
——25畫——
攮nang?? 囔 nang
——26畫——
蠼qu
ga拼音的所有漢字四 ga拼音的所有漢字組詞篇六
漢語拼音字母表-聲母表
漢語中每個(gè)音節(jié)起始處的輔音可以構(gòu)成聲母。漢語拼音方案《聲母表》規(guī)定的聲母符號(hào)一共有21個(gè)。b[玻]p[坡]m[摸]f[佛]
d[得]t[特]n[訥]l[勒]
g[哥]k[科]h[喝]j[基]q[欺]x[希]
z[資]c[;雌]s[思]r[日]zh[知]ch[嗤]sh[詩]
y[醫(yī)]w[巫]
漢語拼音字母表-韻母表
漢語普通話拼音中一共有37個(gè)韻母。分別是：
a[阿]an[安]ao[奧]ai[哀]ang[昂]
o[喔]ong[翁]ou[歐]
e[鵝]en[恩]er[兒]ei[唉]eng[摁]
i[衣]ia[呀]iu[由]ie[耶]in[因]ing[英]
u[烏]un[溫]ua[蛙]uo[窩]ue[月]ui[威]
ü[迂]
iao[腰]ian[煙]iang[央]iong[用]
uai[外]uan[彎]uang[往]
漢語拼音字母表-整體認(rèn)讀音節(jié)
zhichishirizicisiyiwuyuyeyueyinyunyuanying附：漢語拼音字母表
單韻母6個(gè)：aoeiuv
復(fù)韻母9個(gè)aieiuiaoouiuieueer
前鼻韻母5個(gè)aneninunvn
后鼻韻母4個(gè)angengingong
整體認(rèn)讀：zhichishirizicisiyiwuyuyeyue
yuanyinyunying（整體認(rèn)讀發(fā)音與不整體發(fā)音不同）
23個(gè)聲母：
bpmfdtnlgkhjqxzhchsh
rzcs|
ga拼音的所有漢字四 ga拼音的所有漢字組詞篇七
漢字拼音的由來
1840 年，戰(zhàn)爭爆發(fā)。被西方堅(jiān)船利炮擊碎了“天朝上國”迷夢(mèng)、第一次睜眼看世界的中國知識(shí)分子們開始重新審視幾千年傳承下來的中國文化。
漢字不滅，中國必亡
經(jīng)過幾番苦苦思索，一些人終于發(fā)現(xiàn)了中國落后的“秘密”：西方拼音文字只要會(huì)說就會(huì)寫，故國民識(shí)字率很高，而漢字獨(dú)立于語言之外，筆畫繁難，就連一些飽學(xué)之士都曾發(fā)出“漢字至難”的感慨?！皣业穆浜笫强萍嫉穆浜?，科技的落后緣于教育的落后，教育落后蓋因中國百姓學(xué)習(xí)漢字太難。”目睹此情形，中國的一批知識(shí)分子開始要求對(duì)漢字進(jìn)行改革，甚至要廢除方塊字，改用字母文字。改革呼聲在五四時(shí)期達(dá)到高潮，被譽(yù)為“民族魂”的魯迅甚至一度發(fā)出“漢字不滅，中國必亡”的吶喊。
1892 年，一個(gè)名叫盧戇章的福建青年，經(jīng)過十年的努力，寫成了一本名為《一目了然初階》的書。這是第一套由中國人自己制訂的漢語拼音方案。當(dāng)時(shí)盧戇章把它稱為“切音新字”，“用拉丁字母及其變體來拼廈門音，聲韻雙拼，左右橫寫，聲母在右，韻母在左，另加鼻音符號(hào)和聲調(diào)符號(hào)”。但盧戇章的“切音新字”并沒有得到推廣。
1906 年春，“ 帝國郵電聯(lián)席會(huì)議”于上海召開，正式將由劍橋大學(xué)教授威妥瑪（thomasfrancis wade） 整理、傳教士翟理斯（herbert allen giles） 修改之后的“威妥瑪—翟理斯拼音方案”，史稱威妥瑪拼音法公之于世，使?jié)h語拼音第一次在全世界范圍內(nèi)有了較為廣泛的推廣。
1913 年2 月25 日，北洋政府教育部“讀音統(tǒng)一會(huì)”在北平召開，各省紛紛派代表參加。此次大會(huì)的宗旨明確：審定國音，采定字母。五年后，這次會(huì)議確定的“標(biāo)準(zhǔn)國音”與注音字母由教育部正式公布?！叭珖W(xué)的文言文課一律改為白話文課，小學(xué)教科書都在漢字的生字上用注音字母注音?！?/p>
1928 年，語言學(xué)家黎錦熙和趙元任創(chuàng)立了《國語羅馬字拼音法式》( 簡稱“國羅”)。1931 年身在蘇聯(lián)的共產(chǎn)黨人瞿秋白與蘇聯(lián)漢學(xué)家合作制訂了拉丁化新文字( 簡稱“北拉”)。但是，這些拼音方案自身都存在著致命缺陷?！氨崩痹?jīng)在解放區(qū)廣泛推行，甚至取得了與漢字相當(dāng)?shù)牡匚?。許多當(dāng)?shù)剞r(nóng)民學(xué)會(huì)了這套拼音文字后，都能用它寫信、讀拼音報(bào)。吳玉章（1878-1966，中共“五老”之一，著名歷史學(xué)家和語言文字學(xué)家）就曾回憶說，“延安縣市冬學(xué)中，不到三個(gè)月，就掃除了1500 余文盲，他們學(xué)會(huì)新文字，能寫信、讀書、看報(bào)，收到了很大的成績”。
但是，由于“北拉”沒有標(biāo)調(diào)，無法解決同音字問題，人們只能靠上下文揣測(cè)字義，經(jīng)常鬧誤會(huì)。至于“國羅”，它雖然有四聲的區(qū)別，但卻輔以一套很復(fù)雜的變讀法則，一般人很難掌握。威妥瑪式雖然得到了國際上的認(rèn)可，但很多音都拼不準(zhǔn)。上世紀(jì)40 年代，著名語言學(xué)家胡明揚(yáng)在上海圣約翰大學(xué)讀書時(shí)就曾留下過一段難忘的記憶。他記得，當(dāng)時(shí)英國老師用威妥瑪式注音點(diǎn)名，當(dāng)叫道“槍槍槍”時(shí)，半天沒一個(gè)人回答，后來才有人反應(yīng)過來，原來是在叫張長江。“槍槍槍是誰？我們誰也不知道。其實(shí)，威妥瑪式里‘槍’、‘張’、‘江’都是一個(gè)拼法。張長江，就變成了‘槍槍槍’?！辈粌H如此，民國重要人物蔣還曾被拼為chiangkai-shek，翻譯過來就是“常凱申”，讓人哭笑不得。
巧妙的民族形式
這種各類拼音法并存的混亂局面，引起了毛澤東的關(guān)注。1949 年10 月10 日，新中國成立僅十天，民間團(tuán)體“中國文字改革協(xié)會(huì)”便宣告成立，吳玉章為常務(wù)理事會(huì)主席。為了表示對(duì)中國文字改革的關(guān)注，毛澤東特意派秘書胡喬木參加“中國文字改革協(xié)會(huì)”，以便隨時(shí)了解和指導(dǎo)文字改革工作。
1952 年2 月5 日，在中國文字改革研究委員會(huì)（簡稱“文改會(huì)”）成立大會(huì)上，馬敘倫傳達(dá)了毛澤東的新指示。毛澤東認(rèn)為：文字必須改革，要走世界文字共同的拼音方向；形式應(yīng)該是民族的，字母和方案都要根據(jù)現(xiàn)有漢字來制訂。但何謂民族形式，毛澤東等人卻沒有給出一個(gè)明確的定義。
經(jīng)過將近一年的激烈討論和設(shè)計(jì)，1953 年初，一套新的漢語拼音字母表終于呈現(xiàn)在毛澤東面前。不料，毛澤東在詳細(xì)審讀后，認(rèn)為這套方案雖然在拼音方法上較為簡單，但是筆畫太復(fù)雜。他認(rèn)為，拼音文字無論如何要簡單，要利用原有漢字的簡單筆畫和草體，筆勢(shì)基本上要一邊倒，不要復(fù)雜。聽取了毛澤東的意見后，委員們開始分頭制訂新的拼音方案，但還是不能讓人滿意。
看著文字改革即將進(jìn)入死胡同，中國文字改革委員會(huì)和教育部遂于1955 年10 月15 日在北京聯(lián)合召開全國文字改革會(huì)議。就在這次會(huì)議上，一個(gè)改變中國文字改革進(jìn)程的重要人物進(jìn)入了人們的視野，他就是被譽(yù)為我國“漢語拼音之父”的周有光。當(dāng)時(shí)，準(zhǔn)備趕回上海上課的復(fù)旦大學(xué)經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)教授周有光，突然接到一個(gè)通知，讓他留在文改會(huì)。盡管周有光的老本行是經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)，但解放前他就曾在上海參加過推廣拉丁化新文字的活動(dòng)。
1954 年，一直對(duì)語言文字感興趣的周有光，利用業(yè)余時(shí)間撰寫了《字母的故事》?！斑@本薄薄的小書，筆調(diào)活潑，深入淺出。對(duì)于字母的起源、發(fā)展與傳播講得清清楚楚。毛澤東對(duì)這本書，也產(chǎn)生了濃厚的興趣，對(duì)周有光留下了深刻的印象。”
同一年，就在拼音方案小組的.委員們對(duì)“何謂民族形式”爭論得不亦樂乎的時(shí)候，周有光又發(fā)表了一篇名為《什么是民族形式》的文章。在文中，周有光這樣說道：“民族形式的形成，要經(jīng)過一個(gè)習(xí)慣培養(yǎng)的時(shí)期。經(jīng)過培養(yǎng)，胡琴可以變成國樂，旗袍可以變成漢服，外來的字母可以變成民族字母。對(duì)于英語來說，拉丁字母也是外來的字母，用它來拼英語，便成了英國的民族形式了。漢字的形式不適合字母要求，世界上最通行的是拉丁字母。我們與其另起爐灶，還不如采用它。”
此后不久，周有光便提出漢語拼音方案三原則：拉丁化、音素化、口語化，為“漢語拼音方案”的出臺(tái)立下了汗馬功勞。與此同時(shí)，鑒于當(dāng)時(shí)蘇聯(lián)已將所有的拉丁化民族文字一律改成了斯拉夫字母，中國與其是盟友，一些人又主張采用斯拉夫字母，跟蘇聯(lián)在文字上結(jié)盟。于是，關(guān)于漢語的字母形式，再次引起激烈爭論。
此種形勢(shì)引起了毛澤東的憂慮，經(jīng)過仔細(xì)醞釀，他于1956 年1 月20 日在知識(shí)分子問題會(huì)議上發(fā)表了贊成拉丁字母的講話。毛澤東說，“關(guān)于文字改革的意見，我很贊成。在將來采用拉丁字母，你們贊成不贊成呀？我看，在廣大群眾里頭，問題不大；在知識(shí)分子里頭，有些問題。中國怎么能用外國字母呢？但是，看起來還是采用這種外國字母比較好?！彩峭鈬玫臇|西，對(duì)我們有用的東西，我們就是要學(xué)，就是要統(tǒng)統(tǒng)拿過來，并且加以消化，變成自己的東西?！?/p>
1956 年2 月20 日，《漢語拼音方案( 草案)》出臺(tái)，草案明確提出：“擬定漢語拼音方案的目的，是要設(shè)計(jì)一套拼音字母和寫法規(guī)則，來拼寫以北京語音為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)音的普通話。”
1958 年2 月11 日，第一屆全國人民代表大會(huì)第五次會(huì)議正式批準(zhǔn)了這一方案。
100個(gè)小時(shí)識(shí)字1500 個(gè)
1958 年秋，《漢語拼音方案》作為小學(xué)生必修的課程，正式進(jìn)入全國小學(xué)的課堂。北京市新聞工作者協(xié)會(huì)常務(wù)副主席宗春啟在1958 年是剛讀一年級(jí)的小學(xué)生，他曾回憶說，當(dāng)時(shí)打開新發(fā)的課本，“驚訝地發(fā)現(xiàn)課本的第一頁是一些曲里拐彎的外國字母。除了方塊漢字之外，這還是我第一次看到這樣的字?！钡痪茫诖簡⒕桶l(fā)現(xiàn)通過這些拉丁字母他能夠?qū)W會(huì)很多生字。待學(xué)會(huì)拼音后，他便經(jīng)常到新華書店去看書，“以前不認(rèn)識(shí)的字，一拼就知道是什么了。那會(huì)兒，我看了好多書，也自己認(rèn)識(shí)了好多字?！?/p>
在山西省社科院語言研究所從事語言文字工作的吳建生回憶說，1960 年，年僅5 歲的她曾和母親俞冰如從晉南小縣城來到北京，參加十省市注音識(shí)字展覽會(huì)。當(dāng)時(shí)，一位工作人員把她領(lǐng)到舞臺(tái)上，讓她寫“吳建生小朋友你好”，她便用漢語拼音寫出了這句話。會(huì)后，吳玉章高興地將這個(gè)小姑娘高高舉起。
“在吳建生的故鄉(xiāng)山西萬榮，也因?yàn)橛脻h語拼音成功掃盲和推廣普通話，成為全國的一面紅旗。”新中國成立后的相當(dāng)長一段時(shí)間內(nèi)，萬榮縣和全國很多地方一樣，一直在做掃盲工作，卻收效甚微。《漢語拼音方案》公布以后，據(jù)當(dāng)時(shí)報(bào)告，“一般農(nóng)民15 到20 個(gè)小時(shí)就能掌握漢語拼音，利用漢語拼音識(shí)字，100 個(gè)小時(shí)就能識(shí)字1500 個(gè)”。那時(shí)萬榮無論大街小巷、田間地頭、商店食堂，只要有漢字的地方，都被標(biāo)上了漢語拼音。甚至于萬榮縣的村民，在地里干活休息時(shí)，也都互相學(xué)習(xí)拼音。
從此，漢語拼音開始走進(jìn)千家萬戶，并且隨著社會(huì)的不斷發(fā)展進(jìn)步，它越來越成為人們生活的一部分。
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